【作者】 王征；

【导师】 陈光明； 韩晓红；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 制冷及低温工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 涡流管是一种结构简单的能量分离装置,高压流体进入涡流管后,由于涡流管的能量分离效应,使得此流体变成温度高低的两个部分,分别从涡流管的热端出口与冷端出口流出。自二十世纪五十年代涡流管受到世人关注以来,其被广泛应用于制冷、制热、混合物分离等众多领域。涡流管结构虽然简单,但其影响因素较多,多达十五个,目前未有一种机理可以较为全面的解释涡流管在不同工作条件下的能量分离原因。特别是,当涡流管处于一定工况时,会出现冷端流出热流体、热端流出冷流体这种温度逆转现象,并且,未有对此现象的详细研究。鉴于此,本文开展了涡流管性能及其与制冷系统的耦合特性研究,主要从压力比、冷流比两个方面来分析涡流管的制冷与制热性能,寻找涡流管出现冷热温度逆转的边界条件,并对其与制冷系统的耦合进行较为详细的热力学分析。本文研究内容如下：1)综述了涡流管的国内外研究现状。从涡流管结构和材料以及流体工质的工况条件方面详细介绍了涡流管性能影响因素。对口前存在的涡流管能量分离机理与应用进行了简单介绍。2)从涡流管冷端出口流体压力与热端出口流体压力的比值和热端调节阀开度出发,分析该压力的比值和热端调节阀开度的变化对涡流管制冷与制热性能的影响,通过实验获得取得最佳制热、制冷工况时的压力条件。3)研究涡流管处于较小冷流比时的涡流管制冷与制热效应,分析出现冷热温度逆转现象的原因与出现冷热逆转现象的冷流比临界条件。4)根据涡流管能量分离性能,分别提出了利用低品位热源的制热系统,与新型多温位制冷系统,并对其可行性进行热力学分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 Vortex tube is a structural simple tube with high performance of energy separation. When the high pressure fluid enters into the vortex tube, it could be separated into two different parts-hot fluid which comes from the hot end of the vortex tube, and cold fluid which comes from the cold end of the vortex tube. When the vortex tube got the attention of researchers in the1950s, it was widely used in refrigeration, heat pump and others areas. Although the vortex tube is structural simple, there are at least fifteen factors which can influence the performance of energy separation in vortex tube. What is more, there is no explanation which can explain the mechanism of energy separation in vortex tube. Especially, when the vortex tube works under certain condition, there will be a temperature reverse phenomenon-the cold fluid comes out from the hot end of vortex tube and cold fluid comes out from the hot end of vortex tube. So far, there is no explicit research about this phenomenon.According to this, the research of the vortex tube performance and the coupling characteristics with the responding refrigeration system is done in this article. The pressure ratio and cold mass flow ratio are considered as two important factors to analysis the performance of energy separation in vortex tube. What is more, the boundary condition of temperature reverse phenomenon will be found and the thermodynamic analysis of some new vortex tube system will be made at last. The main work in this article is introduced bellow: 1). The situation of the research of vortex tube is introduced. The affecting factors of vortex tube are discussed according to the structure, mechanism of vortex tube as well as the property of working fluid. Further, some explanation of energy separation in vortex tube and the application are introduced.2). Based on the ratio of hot end pressure and cold end pressure as well as the degree of valve opening, the heating effect and cooling effect of vortex tube is analyzed by research. Then the optimal working condition can be decided.3). The heating effect and cooling effect of vortex tube is considered when the cold mass ratio is small. The reason and the boundary of happening temperature reverser phenomenon are judged.4). According to the energy separation property of vortex tube, the waste heating system with waste heat and the new several-temperature area refrigeration system are put forward. At the same time, the thermodynamic calculation of these systems is made.更多还原