【作者】 霍凤龙；

【导师】 陈汉林； 刘振文；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 地质学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着世界石油工业的发展,构造圈闭油气藏勘探占主导地位的时代已经结束,非常规石油勘探领域越来越受到人们的重视,其中就包括裂缝油气藏。据统计,裂缝储层已控制了10%以上的石油地质储量。上世纪80年代,在松辽盆地北部古龙地区青山口组也发现了泥岩裂缝性油气藏；截至目前,6口探井获工业油流,估算有利区泥岩裂缝油藏的资源量为1.8-4.4亿吨,勘探前景良好。本文以沉积学、储层地质学、地震-测井地质学等理论方法为指导,综合应用地质、地震、测井、试油等资料,在对国内外泥岩裂缝油气藏对比分析的基础上,重点对古龙地区青山口组泥岩裂缝油藏的储层岩石学特征、裂缝特征及成因、泥岩裂缝储层的地球物理响应特征、成藏综合分析与有利区预测等方面进行了较深入的研究,取得多项研究成果及认识：1.证实了古龙地区青山口组具备形成泥岩裂缝油藏的良好物质基础,烃源岩中滞留烃含量较高,泥岩裂缝油藏的资源前景好；2.系统地评价了泥岩储层的岩性-矿物成分、微观孔隙组成及岩相分布特征,指出储集岩为泥岩、薄层粉砂岩和介形虫层,储集空间主要为纵向缝、层间缝-微裂缝、残余孔等,并描述了古龙地区青山口组各段的岩相分布特征,指明了有利岩相分布区；3.将古龙地区青山口组泥岩裂缝按成因划分为构造缝、沉积-成岩缝、超压缝等三类,指出生烃超压对成藏期裂缝形成与油气富集最有意义,认为它能使前期裂缝重新开启并充注油气；4.以古龙地区巴彦查干区块为实验区,探索了泥岩裂缝油藏的地球物理识别及预测方法,认为井筒资料中气测识别泥岩裂缝较有利,地震属性中相干及曲率体预测裂缝储层相对有利；5.建立了古龙地区青山口组泥岩裂缝油藏的成藏模式,认为成藏主控因素为优质烃源岩、有利岩相带、有利构造部位及超压区,划分了古龙地区青山口组泥岩裂缝油藏的勘探有利区,并评价Ⅰ类区的勘探潜力。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of world oil industry, structural traps dominated era has ended in petroleum exploration. The exploration of unconventional oil is paid more and more attention, including fractured oil and gas reservoir. According to statistics, fractured reservoir is trapped more than10%of the oil reserves. In1980’s, mudstone fractured reservoirs was also found in Qingshankou Formation (K2qn) at Gulong area in the northern Songliao basin; up to now,6wells obtain industrial oil flow; by sketchy estimating, about180-440million tons oil conserves in mudstone-fractured reservoir in favorable areas, showing good exploration prospects.In this study, using theories from sedimentology, reservoir geology, seismic and well logging geology, comprehensive applied of geological, seismic, logging and test data, the researchers compared and analyzed the domestic and foreign fractured shale reservoirs. They studied mudstone fractured reservoir petrologic characteristics, fracture characteristics and cause of formation, mudstone-fractured reservoir geophysical response characteristics. At last, reservoir comprehensive analysis and prediction of favorable areas in Gulong were carried out.Main results and ideas of the research include:1. Proved that mudstone-fractured reservoirs of K2qn in Gulong have good resource base and prospect, because of high detained hydrocarbon content in source rock;2. For the first time, the systematic evaluation of the mudstone reservoir was done, including Lithology-mineral composition, microscopic pore structure and facies distribution characteristics, pointed out that reservoir rocks are mudstone, siltstone/Ostracoda limestone in thin layer, that reservoir space mainly includes vertical fracture, interlayer-micro fracture, residual hole, and described stone-facies distribution of K2qn in Gulong, pointed out the favorable facies distribution area;3. According to the genesis, mudstone fracture is divided into three categories, which includes structural, sedimentary-diagenesis and overpressure origin fracture, and hydrocarbon-generated overpressure on influenced the fracture formation in hydrocarbon accumulation period, meanwhile controlled oil and gas enrichment, because it made early fracture cracks open and filling oil gas;4. Having taken Bayanchagan blocks in Gulong as the experimental area, discussed geophysical recognition and prediction method of mudstone-fractured reservoirs, gas detection in well data could identify mudstone fracture more favorable, coherence and curvature of seismic attribute could predict fractured reservoir in some degree;5. Established mudstone fracture reservoir accumulation model of K2qn in Gulong, considered that the main control factors of reservoir forming is good hydrocarbon source rock, the favorable facies zone, favorable tectonic position and overpressure zone, then divided the favorable exploration area for mudstone-fractured reservoirs of K2qn in Gulong, and evaluated the exploration potential for the best blocks.更多还原