【作者】 王子敬；

【导师】 姚维；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 系统分析与集成， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 随着传统燃油汽车引起的能源、环保等问题日益突出,电动汽车作为新兴的绿色交通工具,得到了各大汽车厂家的关注。电池作为电动汽车的主要动力来源,其性能和寿命直接影响电动汽车的性能。研究动力电池的充放电特性,测试动力电池在不同条件下的性能,对保证动力电池安全性、提高其利用效率以及开发更合适电动汽车的电机驱动器具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。本文根据锂电池的特点,设计了一个电动汽车电池测试平台,对电动汽车电池的各种性能进行了有效的测试。首先,在Matlab/simulink环境下建立了整个测试系统的模型。通过对比分析现有的电池模型,建立了电池的二阶RC等效电路模型并验证其有效性；依据电容的参数建立了电容模型；并依据矢量控制算法建立了电机驱动部分的模型。通过仿真研究,分析了不同电感电容和载波频率下直流侧波形的谐波组成。其次,在分析现有电池测试系统的基础上,针对现有电池测试系统的缺点,采用上下位机结构的形式,设计了一个高仿真度的电动汽车电池测试系统平台,通过编制上位机软件,实现了基于CAN总线和485总线的上下位机之间的通信,并在测试系统平台上实现了电池的恒电流放电、恒功率放电以及模拟电动汽车实际运行状况的放电控制,实验结果验证了测试系统平台的有效性。最后,在所搭建的电池测试系统平台上,测试了电池的直流侧谐波,对比了各种不同电感电容的滤波效果,并与仿真结果做了比较。测试了电池在不同情况下恒流放电的温升并对结果进行了分析。通过能量回馈实验,验证了超级电容在电机回馈制动时对冲击电流的吸收和对能量利用率的提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the more and more outstanding issues such as the energy and environmental protection caused by the traditional internal combustion engine vehicle, as a kind of environment friendly vehicle, the pure electric vehicle (EV) has become a new focus of many vehicle companies. It is well known that the battery pack supplies the energy for the whole EV. The battery performance and life time have direct influence on EV system. Research of the battery charge and discharge characteristics and test of the battery performance under different conditions have important theory significance and engineering application value on to guarantee battery safety and the efficiency as well as the development of "battery-friendly" inverter. According to the characteristics of the lithium battery, a test platform has been set up and some characteristics of the battery have been tested on this platform.First of all, the model of the whole system is set up in Simulink. By analyzing the battery models, a second-order RC model of the battery is designed and verified through two experiments. The models of the capacitors are designed through the parameters and the model of the motor drive system is designed based on the algorithm of SVPWM. The harmonic is analyzed by the simulation of the system model.Secondly, after the analysis of the existing battery test systems, aiming at the problems of them, a EV battery test platform with high degree of simulation is designed, based on the upper and lower computer structure. The PC software is compiled, which could control the battery to discharge with constant current or constant power, or to simulate the real road status, by the communication with the lower computer through CAN bus and485bus.Finally, the current harmonics is measured on the platform, by which the filter effect is analyzed under different capacitor and inductor conditions. Also, the result is compared to that tested in simulation. The temperature rise of the battery is tested and the result is analyzed. Through the energy feedback experiments, the current impact absorption and improvement of energy utilization of the super capacitor are verified.更多还原