【作者】 卢小勇；

【导师】 晁自胜；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 化学工程与技术， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 废旧塑料的污染已经成为世界性的环境问题,同时废旧塑料也是一种很宝贵的碳资源。在环境保护日益严厉以及石油资源短缺不断加剧的背景下,开展废旧塑料的资源化利用研究,具有十分重要的现实意义。本文对废弃塑料(主要为聚乙烯,聚苯乙烯等)在各种催化反应条件下的催化裂解制液态烃反应进行了初步探索。实验考察了聚苯乙烯,聚乙烯塑料的热裂解、催化裂解液相产物的产率,分别对裂解产物进行了气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析,确定了裂解产物分布及产率。比较了各种催化剂对于裂解产物分布的影响；比较了热裂解和催化热裂解对产物中各组分产率以及液态烃作为汽油的品质等方面影响的差别,发现经催化热裂解所得液态烃产物作为汽油的品质得到了明显提高。利用X射线衍射仪对裂解催化剂的再生性能进行考察。进行催化裂解以及重整反应后,催化剂基本晶体结构未造成明显改变,催化剂再生性能良好。研究了聚乙烯裂解油品在ZSM-5催化剂上的催化重整工艺,研究了温度对于各产物产率的关系。发现通过催化改质反应,产物组成中主要含有C8-C12芳烃。通过FT-IR以及BET表征详细研究了ZSM-5作为重整催化剂的性能。本论文实现了经催化裂解反应,高效地将塑料废弃物转化为碳数规则分布的烃类油质：聚乙烯塑料在Fe2O3/Al2O3催化剂条件下,产油率达到79.5%；聚苯乙烯塑料经Na-Y分子筛催化反应后,产油率为75.8%。在经过催化重整反应后得到了高品质的燃料油馏分更多还原

【Abstract】 Recntly, the solid waste plastics are paid more and more attention in worldwide for the serious contaminative problem.Most plastics waste are treated by landfill, incineration, thermal pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis.The catalytic pyrolysis of PE and PS becomes the effective method in recent research.Catalytic pyrolysis will be the prime resolvent of white pollution ultimately.In this paper, catalytic creaking and catalytic reforming reaction of solid waste plastic(mainly polyethylene, polystyrene, etc.)was studied.We conduct an investigation into the reaction of thermal pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis of PE and PS.The product is determined by Chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to receive the carbon distribution. Compared with pyrolysis oil, the performance of the catalytic pyrolysis fuel was conspicuously enhanced.The oil yield of catalytic pyrolysis reaction of Polyethylene with Fe2O3/Al2O3as catalyst is79.5%. Polystyrene by the reaction of Na-Y zeolite catalyst, the oil production yield is75.8%.The performance of catalyst regeneration was determined by XRD. By comparing the XRD spectrometry result of the regenerated sample with standard sample, the crystal stability was affirmed. The crystal stability of catalyst proved that certain catalyst can be recycled.Also, the catalyst were characterized by FT-IR and BET.The results show that Na-Y zeolite are better than other catalyst like ZSM-5and Metal-oxide in the molecular framework and the acidity.The reforming process was catalyzed by ZSM-5.The reforming product distribution curve of temperature was studied. By the reforming reaction, the pyrolvsis oil of PP and PVC was transformed into aromatic compounds which have better octane number.更多还原