【作者】 陈芳；

【导师】 王瑞；

【作者基本信息】 天津财经大学 ， 国际法学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 当今社会,文化贸易已经成为一个国家对外贸易的重要组成部分。WTO自由贸易体制的发展,一方面极大的促进了各国间包括文化在内的贸易往来,各国家和地区文化的快速流动,繁荣了全球文化市场,而且带动了与文化产业相关的其他产业的发展。但另一方面,文化贸易的过度自由又造成了贸易失衡的,文化产品和文化服务单向的从发达国家流向不发达的国家和地区,使得文化输入国在被迫接受外来文化的同时,失去对其本国文化的认同感。文化强国借文化贸易的方式在推行自己的价值观念和意识形态,在文化上形成霸权主义。2005年联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)颁布的《保护和促进文化表现形式多样性公约》(以下简称《公约》),意味着国际社会对文化多样性的尊重与保护,《公约》的出台把对文化多样性的保护上升到国际法层面,为各国采取措施保护文化多样性提供了理论上的依据和法律支撑。但是《公约》中的规定,在一定程度上与WTO贸易自由体系存在冲突,公约中赋予缔约方文化主权和为保护本国文化多样性而采取政策措施的权利,这是与WTO的原则相违背的。如何化解和协调文化贸易自由化和文化多样性的国际法律冲突,促进国际文化贸易的健康发展成了目前法学界最为关心的问题。在此背景下,本论文分析了WTO中文化贸易的条款,通过对公约的制定和实施过程的来龙去脉进行阐述,找出二者相冲突之处,并针对这些冲突提出调和的解决方式,最后为我国找出促进自身发展的同时又能协调冲突的对策建议。论文的第一部分阐述了选题背景和意义；第二部分阐明了文化贸易自由化和文化多样性的国际立法；第三部分是关于文化贸易自由化和文化多样性在UNESCO和WTO下的法律冲突；第四部分就文化贸易自由化和文化多样性法律冲突的协调进行了论述；论文的第五部分则分析了我国现行协调冲突的法律规制现状和存在的不足,提出了完善我国协调冲突的法律对策的思考。本文的最终结论是：并不反对贸易自由化,但主张在文化贸易自由化的过程中对文化多样性保护给予适当的关注。对国际公约间冲突的协调应该要以发展的眼光来对待,为此,我国应充分利用国际公约的相关规定,结合自身实际情况,放眼国际法律实践,在加强协调冲突的国内立法建设的同时,要采取灵活的文化贸易法律策略,通过文化产业与文化贸易法律对策的不断发展与运用,促进我国文化竞争力的提高,进而为世界和谐做出贡献。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays, the cultural trade has become an important part in the foreign trade of a country. With the development of WTO free trade system, on one hand, it has greatly promoted the trade, including cultural between countries, as the cultural rapidly flow among various countries and regions, the global cultural market becomes prosperity and promotes development of other related industry. But on the other hand, the excessive freedom of cultural trade has also caused the trade imbalance, one-way cultural goods and services from developed countries to underdeveloped countries and regions, has forced people in the state of import to accept foreign culture while they may lose their own cultural identity. Countries that have been outputting their cultural may easily force others to accept their own values and ideology in cultural trade, which may cause the cultural hegemony.In2005the United Nations educational, scientific and cultural organization (UNESCO) promulgated "Convention on the protection and promotion of the diversity of cultural expressions "(here in after referred to as "the Convention"). It means that the international community has realized the importance of respect and protection of cultural diversity. The Convention provides a theoretical basis and legal support for countries to take measures to protect cultural diversity and makes it up to the level of international law. But the provisions of the Convention, to a certain extent, may have a conflict with the WTO free trade system. The Convention, which gives the cultural sovereignty of the Parties and the right to take policy measures to protect its cultural diversity, is contrary to the principle of the WTO. How to resolve and coordinate the conflict of laws between cultural and trade liberalization and cultural diversity, and promote the healthy development of the international cultural trade has become the most concerned problems of present.In this circumstance, this paper analyzed the terms of the WTO trade in culture, and described the circumstances surrounding the formulation and implementation of the Convention. In order to identify the place of both conflict and solution to reconcile these conflicts, and finally to find suggestions to promote development while coordinating conflict for our country.The first part of the paper describes the background and significance; the second part illustrates the international legislation of both cultural liberalization of trade and cultural diversity; the third part is the conflict of laws on cultural trade liberalization and cultural diversity in UNESCO and the WTO; Part IV discussed the coordination of the conflict of laws between cultural liberalization of trade and cultural diversity; the fifth part of the paper analyzes the status and shortcomings of the current legal regulation of the coordination of conflict, put forward the thinking to perfect to coordinate the conflict of legal countermeasures of our country.The final conclusion is that we do not oppose the trade liberalization, but advocate giving appropriate attention to the protection of cultural diversity in the cultural and trade liberalization process. Deal with the coordination of the International Convention on the conflict with the perspective of development, China should make full use of the relevant provisions of international conventions. combined with its actual situation, scan widely with international legal practice, strengthen the coordination of the conflict in the construction of domestic legislation, at the same time, adopt a flexible cultural trade laws and policies, through the continued development and application of the legal response by the cultural industries and cultural trade, promote the improvement of culture competitiveness of China, and thereby contribute to world harmony.更多还原