【作者】 周莉；

【导师】 解立峰；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 安全技术及工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 温压弹是现代高技术条件下的一种新概念武器,并逐渐成为目前的研究热点。本文从理论和实验两方面对普通高能炸药和两种不同配方温压炸药的爆炸参数及毁伤特性展开研究。主要研究成果如下：1、采用了多种方法测试爆炸场参数,包括空中超压测试、圆柱跌落法和悬臂计量法。通过对比分析,研究发现：超压测试方面,与地面超压测试系统相比,空中超压测试法能更真实的反应爆炸物的冲击波参数；冲量测试方面,圆柱跌落法和悬臂计量法有不同于传统测试方法的优势,值得完善和推广。2、运用红外热成像仪测量了TNT、某配方的固体温压药剂(TBX-1)和某配方的液固复合温压药剂(TBX-2)的爆炸温度场,通过对比分析各自的爆炸火球参数如最高温度、高温持续时间、火球直径、垂直高度和火球体积之后,给出了三种炸药的热毁伤能力的大小顺序,两种配方的温压炸药爆炸火球无论在最高温度还是持续时间都比TNT高。从爆炸火球最高温度来看,TBX-2>TBX-1>TNT;从高温持续时间来看,TBX-1>TBX-2>TNT;从火球体积来看,TBX-2>TBX-1>TNT;从热毁伤致死半径来看,TBX-2>TBX-1>TNT。3、在对已有研究成果总结的基础上,分析对比了TNT、TBX-1和TBX-2的爆炸场参数和作用机理,发现在冲击波超压、正压作用时间、冲量以及爆炸火球尺寸、温度、高温持续时间等参数方面,两种配方的温压炸药都高于TNT,这表明其毁伤性能优于TNT。4、通过对测试的爆炸场数据分析,发现TBX-2的超压、冲量、正压作用时间以及爆炸火球等参数均高于TBX-1,说明TBX-2的毁伤能力优于TBX-1。5、采用TNT现场爆炸标定法计算了两种配方的温压炸药的TNT当量,对于TBX-1,地面超压测试系统得到的TNT当量比为1.79,空中超压系统测到的TNT当量比为1.22；对于TBX-2,地面与空中得到的TNT当量比则分别为2.49与2.30。6、设计开发了运用Visual C#语言编制的爆炸试验参数处理及威力计算软件。该软件设计时按照模块化,系统可重复使用相同模块,而且在原有模块的基础上可创建新的模块,具有很好的可扩展性、友好的界面和使用灵活性。可快速地对实验数据进行处理和威力评估。更多还原

【Abstract】 Thermobaric bomb is showed to be a kind of new concept under the conditions of modern high-tech weapon, gradually becomes a current research focus. The blast parameters and damage characteristics of ordinary high explosive and two kinds of thermobaric explosives were investigated from both theoretical and experimental way in this thesis. The main research results are as follows:1. Using a variety of explosive field parameter test methods, including air test system, cylindrical drop method and cantilever metering method.Through the comparative analysis, we found that compared to the ground test system, air test system can reflect the real explosive explosion shock wave parameters; cylindrical drop method and cantilever measurement is more simple and practical than overpressure integration method, which are worth promotion in the future.2. The explosion temperature field of three kinds of explosives were measuring by MikronScan7200Thermal Imager. The study showed that the thermal damage effect on the thermobaric explosives can use the maximum temperature, the duration of high temperature, fireball diameter and volume parameters for characterization and evaluation. The result indicated that the thermal damage ability of thermobaric explosives is better than TNT.3. In the summary on the basis of existing research results, explosion parameters and mechanism of TNT, TBX-1and TBX-2are analyzed, we found that the two kinds of thermobaric explosives’overpressure, impulse, positive pressure time and explosion fireball parameters are higher than TNT’s, thermobaric explosives show better damage performance than TNT.4. Through the analysis of explosive field data, we found that liquid-solid thermobaric explosive’s overpressure, impulse, positive pressure time and explosion fireball parameters were higher than solid thermobaric explosive’s, which means liquid-solid thermobaric explosive’s blast damage ability is better than solid thermobaric explosive.5. Using TNT field explosion calibration method to calculate two kinds of thermobaric explosive’s TNT equivalent, for TBX-1, ground test system of TNT equivalent ratio is1.79, air test system of TNT equivalent ratio is1.22; for TBX-2, TNT equivalent ratio of ground and air test system are respectively2.49and2.30.6. For the convenience of people processing and analyzing the experimental data later, Visual C#Language was used to design the explosion test parameters processing and calculation software. The results show that the software can do the processing of data quickly and assess the force of the explosion conveniently.更多还原