【作者】 刘晶；

【导师】 王雅莉；

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 ， 区域经济学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 区域经济差异是区域经济学重要的理论前沿问题之一,也是被世界范围内的政策制定者和学者重点关注的一个问题。在1978年改革开放初期,我国实行非均衡发展战略、重点突破、“先富带动后富”的政策方针,优先发展东、南沿海地区,长三角和珠三角的经济得到迅速发展,。但是与此同时,东南沿海地区与中部、西部以及东北部地区差异越来越大,产生广泛影响。针对这一现状,我国学者对区域经济差异问题进行了大量研究,但大多着眼于全国范围,将中国分为东、中、西三个大的区域进行研究,对于一个省内部的区域经济差异研究还不是很多。省是连接国家与各市区县的桥梁,缩小省内区域经济差异促进省域经济发展,在我国具有重要意义。在研究中发现省内区域经济发展的研究中关于黑龙江省的区域经济差异研究并不多,加之黑龙江省也是振兴东北老工业基地工程中重点扶持区域,因此本文研究的就是黑龙江省区域经济差异,这一研究对于整个东北地区都具有一定的实践意义,同时也可以进一步丰富和完善区域经济差异研究理论,从这方面看,此研究不但具有现实意义,且有一定理论意义。本文分四部分。第一部分是引言,交代文章的选题背景和意义,并且总结国内外学者关于区域经济差异的一些理论和观点以及本文的研究方法。第二部分就是论文的实证部分,首先对黑龙江省的概况进行描述,其次通过时间序列数据观察黑龙江省区域经济差异的趋势,再次,运用主成分分析法,通过SPSS软件对建立的指标体系数据进行处理,得出黑龙江省12个地级市的总得分和排名,最后,在此基础之上,用SPSS软件做聚类分析,将这12个地级市划分为5个梯度,基于以上的研究得出黑龙江省区域经济差异很大,需要缩小省内差异。第三部分是黑龙江省区域经济差异产生的原因,主要是从自然条件因素、人口与劳动力因素、产业结构因素、市场因素以及社会和制度因素这五个方面来研究,其中运通统计分析的方法,通过对数据的观察,找出地区之间的异同点,最后对五个因素进行总结。第四部分是政策建议部分,对应前文分析,该部分主要从五个方面提出政策建议：一,合理划分区域,实现优势互补；二,优化产业结构,加快三产发展；三,加强基础设施建设,提供良好投资环境；四,重视教育事业,提高人力资本；五制定合理规划,实现制度创新。本文的创新之处主要表现为两点：第一,突破区域经济差异研究中区域的常规划分方式,将区域经济差异研究的范围缩小至一个省的内部,使研究更加细化和深入；第二,对于一个省内部的区域经济差异的研究,大多集中在南方的省份,对于北方省份的研究大多集中在京津冀或者辽宁省,对于黑龙江省区域经济差异的研究极少,为此,本文主要对黑龙江省内部的差异进行研究。文章希望通过以上研究,能够有效缩小黑龙江省区域经济差异,实现黑龙江省产业结构合理升级、高技术产业和第三产业快速发展,全省经济总体进步。但是本文也有不足之处,为了将主成分分析法更好的展现在论文中,文章省去了其他关于区域经济差异的测量方法,并且本文主要是针对黑龙江省12个地级市做分析,样本数量较少,导致综合指标体系选取的指标仅为9个,在今后的研究中,笔者将试图发现更好的研究方法来克服这一不足。更多还原

【Abstract】 The problem of regional economic disparities is one of the most important theoretical frontier issues in regional economics. Also it is seriously focused by policy makers and researchers. At the beginning of reform and opening up in1978, China adopted a non-balanced development strategy, focused on key areas, and took the policy guidelines of " let the rich lead late". Give priority to the development of the eastern and southern coastal areas. The economics of Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta have developed fast. In response to this situation, some Chinese scholars have undertaken extensive research on regional economic differences, but these researches mostly focused on the nationwide, studied on the basic of compartmentalizing china into three areas as eastern, central and western. For a province within the regional economic disparities research is not too much. Province is the bridge connecting the districts, municipalities, counties and the state. Narrow regional economic disparities in the province to promote the development of provincial economies, is of great significance in our country.Found in the reference to the relevant information and documentation, Heilongjiang Province, not many studies on regional economic disparities in the province regional economic development study. In addition, Heilongjiang Province is also the major support area in revitalizing the northeast old industrial base engineering. Therefore, this study is the regional economic disparities in Heilongjiang Province. It is of great significance to the whole northeast China region. Also it can further enrich and improve the regional economic disparities theory. In this regard, this study also has certain theoretical significance.This article is divided into four main sections. The first part is the introduction. It accounts for the background and significance of the article, and summarize some theories of scholars on regional economic differences and perspectives as well as the research method of this article. The second part is the empirical part of the dissertation. First, described an overview of Heilongjiang Province. Second, use the time-series data to observe the trend of regional economic disparities in Heilongjiang Province. Third, use principal component analysis; establish index system and then use SPSS software to processing the data to obtain a total score and ranking12prefecture-level cities in Heilongjiang Province. Last but not least, upon the total score, use SPSS software to make clustering analysis. Divide the12prefecture-level cities into five gradients. Based on the above study, we have a conclusion that there is a large regional disparity in Heilongjiang Province and it is necessary to narrow the disparity. The third part is the impact of the regional economic disparities in Heilongjiang Province. Study from five aspects. They are the natural condition factors, population and labor factors, industry structure factors, market factors, as well as social and institutional factors. According to observing data, through statistical analysis, find the differences between the regions and summarize the five influencing factors. The fourth part is the policy recommendations. Make policy recommendations from five main aspects corresponding to the preceding analysis. First, complement each other’s advantages through reasonable zoning. Second, optimize the industrial structure and develop the third industry speeding up. Third, strengthen infrastructure construction and provide a good environment for investment. Fourth, pay more attention to education to improve the human capital. Fifth, develop a reasonable plan and achieve institutional innovation.The innovation of this paper is mainly for two things. First, break the area of conventional division of the regional economic disparities research, narrowed down the range within a province, making the researches more refinement and depth. Second, the research of regional economic differences within a province mostly concentrated in the southern provinces, and the research of northern provinces are mostly concentrated in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebe and Liaoning Province, the researches of Heilongjiang province are few. Through the study above, we hope to reduce regional economic disparities in Heilongjiang Province. Make the industrial structure reasonable upgrade and develop the high-tech industry and the tertiary industry rapidly. At last bring the overall progress of Heilongjiang Province’s economy. But this article still has some inadequacies, for example this article removes the other regional economic differences in measurement methods in order to show the principal component analysis better. Also this article mostly analyses12prefecture-level cities in Heilongjiang province, so we have a few samples. Because of this, comprehensive index system selected only9indicators. In future research, I will try to find a better way to overcome this deficiency.更多还原