【作者】 李玉；

【导师】 吴金节；

【作者基本信息】 安徽农业大学 ， 临床兽医学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 为了探讨加味四君子汤的药效学及对仔猪的作用机理，本试验选用大黄水煎液法制备小白鼠脾虚动物模型，研究加味四君子汤对脾虚小鼠一般体征、免疫机能、抗应激能力、胃肠运动、吸收功能以及对仔猪生长性能、血液学指标的影响。试验Ⅰ：选取100只昆明小白鼠，体重20±2g，随机分为正常组、模型组、加味四君子汤（SJZD）低、中、高剂量组，每组20只。试验期为18d。正常组在试验期间灌胃生理盐水0.6mL/只。造模成功后，模型组、加味四君子汤低、中、高剂量组分别灌胃生理盐水0.6mL/只、加味四君子汤0.25g/20g、0.50g/20g和0.75g/20g，连续9d。整个试验阶段观察记录小鼠的一般体征。于造模前、造模成功后、灌胃第4d、灌胃第8d分别测量每组小鼠的体温，空腹称重，于试验结束时测量小鼠抗应激能力、免疫机能、胃肠运动和吸收功能。试验Ⅱ：选取48头（15±2）d “杜×长×大”三元杂交仔猪，按体重和性别随机分为4组（对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组），4组仔猪分别饮用自来水、自来水+0.5g/100mL加味四君子汤、自来水+1.0g/100mL加味四君子汤和自来水+1.5g/100mL加味四君子汤。分别在仔猪15、29和43d时，每天上午7:00～8:00空腹称重，称量剩余的料重，计算阶段耗料量、平均日采食量、平均日增重和料重比；分别在仔猪15、28、33、38和43d，每组随机选择6头，经前腔静脉采血，测量血液学指标。试验结果如下：与模型组相比，加味四君子汤中、高剂量组可以改善脾虚小鼠的体征，极显著增加体重（p<0.01），提高体温（p>0.05）；加味四君子汤中剂量组可极显著提高血清中IgM的含量、极显著提高脾脏指数和显著提高胸腺指数（p<0.01或p<0.05），加味四君子汤中、高剂量组腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率极显著升高（p<0.01）；不同剂量的加味四君子汤均能够极显著升高吞噬指数（p<0.01），延长小鼠游泳持续时间（p<0.01或p<0.05），改善常压耐缺氧力（p<0.05），降低胃排空率、减缓小肠的推进，提高脾虚小鼠尿液D-木糖排泄量和血清淀粉酶活性（p>0.05）。与对照组相比，不同剂量的加味四君子汤显著提高仔猪平均日增重，极显著降低料重比和腹泻率（p<0.01）；在仔猪33、38d，不同剂量的加味四君子汤均可显著提高仔猪T淋巴细胞转化率（p<0.01）；在仔猪43d时，组Ⅱ可显著提高仔猪T淋巴细胞转化率（p<0.01）；在仔猪33、38、43d，不同剂量的加味四君子汤均能促进猪瘟抗体的产生，但差异不显著（p>0.05）；在仔猪38、43d，不同剂量的加味四君子汤能使血清中IgA极显著升高（p<0.01）；在仔猪33、38d，组Ⅱ、组Ⅲ仔猪血清中IgG的含量极显著升高（p<0.01）。本试验结果表明，添加加味四君子汤，能够改善小鼠脾虚症状，提高小鼠血清中免疫球蛋白的水平，延长小鼠常温游泳持续时间和常压耐缺氧的时间，增加小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率和吞噬指数，提高小鼠免疫器官指数，从而增强机体的免疫功能，发挥抗应激作用。通过降低胃排空率和小肠的推进运动，提高血清中淀粉酶的活性，增加尿液D-木糖排泄量，调节消化系统的功能。在饮水中添加加味四君子汤可改善仔猪生长性能，显著降低仔猪的腹泻率，增强仔猪细胞免疫和体液免疫功能，促进仔猪的生长，从而缓解断奶应激。其中以1%的剂量最佳。更多还原

【Abstract】 This experiment was conducted to study pharmacodynamics and mechanism of supplemantary Sijunzi Decoction (SJZD). The models of spleen deficiency were prepared with rheum officinale solution method. The general signs, immune function, anti-stress, gastrointestinal motility and absorption of spleen deficiency mice were measured and growth performance and blood biochemical index were detected in piglets.TestⅠ.100KUN MING mice (20±2g) were randomly divided into normal group, model group, supplemantary SJZD low dosage group, medium dosage group and high dosage group,20each group. The trial was conducted for18d. In the whole experiment period, all mice were induced with0.6ml/mouse in normal group. After making model successfully, physiologicalsaline with0.6ml/mouse, supplemantary SJZD with0.25g/20g,0.50g/20g and0.75g/20g were induced in model group, supplemantary SJZD low dosage group, medium dosage group and high dosage group respectively.The general signs of spleen deficiency mice were recorded throughout the whole trial. Body temperature and body weight of mice were measured and recorded before and after making models successfully, the4th day, and8th day after treatment. At the9th day, anti-stress ability, immune function, gastrointestinal motility and absorbtion function were detected.TestⅡ.48piglets (15±2days of age) were randomly divided into4groups (control group, GroupⅠ, GroupⅡ, GroupⅢ). At15days of age, piglets were drunk with tap water, tap water+0.5g/100mL supplemantary SJZD, tap water+1.0g/100mL supplemantary SJZD and tap water+1.5g/100mL supplemantary SJZD, respectively.The trial was conducted for30d.Body weight with an empty belly and surplus feed were weighted on15,29and43d, feed consumption, and average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG) and the ratio of feed to gain (F/G) were detected.The results were as follows:Compared with model group, the signs of spleen deficiency mice were improved, body weight were significantly increased (p<0.01) and body temperature were increased (p>0.05) in supplemantary SJZD medium dosage group and high dosage group. Serum IgM levels, spleen index and thymus index were increased significantly (p<0.01or p<0.05) in supplemantary SJZD medium dosage group. Devouring percentage of macrophage cell was significantly increased in supplemantary SJZD medium dosage group and high dosage group (p<0.01), and devouring index of macrophage cell was significantly increased in various dosage of supplemantary SJZD (p<0.05), swimming duration and anti-hypoxia ability could be prolonged (p<0.01or p<0.05), gastric emptying percentage and relative percentage each small intestine propulsion were decreased in various dosage of supplemantary SJZD (p>0.05), D-xylose excretion contents and serum amylase activities were enhanced(p<0.05).Compared with control group, the ADG were increased, F/G and diarrhea rates were decreased (p<0.01) in various dosage of supplemantary SJZD of piglets. T-lymphocyte transformation rate were significantly increased in various dosage of supplemantary SJZD (p<0.01) on33,38d, and were significantly increased in supplemantary SJZD medium dosage group (p<0.01) on43d. The generation of hog cholera antibody could be promoted in various dosage of supplemantary SJZD, but there were no significant difference. Serum IgAlevels could be significantly increased in various dosage of supplemantary SJZD on38,43d, serum IgG levels were increased in supplemantary SJZD medium and high dosage group (p<0.01).In conclusion, Sijunzi Decoction can improve spleen deficiency symptom, enhance the levels of serum immune globulin, prolong the swimming duration, improve anti-hypoxia ability, increase devouring percentage and index of macrophage cell, increase immune organ index, thereby improve immune function and express the effect of anti-stress of mice. Sijunzi Decoction can adjust digestive system through reducing gastric emptying percentage and small intestine propulsion, increase serum amylase activities and D-xylose excretion contents.Sijunzi Decoction supplemented to the water can improve growth performance, decrease significantly diarrhea rates, enhance cellular immunity and humoral immunity function, prmote the growth and decrease the effects of weaning piglets. The best dosage of Sijunzi Decoction was1%.更多还原