【作者】 李伟；

【导师】 陈江华； 宫长荣；

【作者基本信息】 河南农业大学 ， 烟草学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 为研究密集烤房换热器的材料和结构对烟叶烘烤的影响，采用非金属耐火材料光管换热器、金属光管换热器和金属翅片换热器，于2009-2010年在福建武夷山进行了不同材质和结构换热器对比烘烤试验。结论如下：1.不同材料和结构换热器密集烤房升温和稳温性能。烤房空载和负载条件下，不同材料和结构换热器烤房升温性能以金属翅片换热器烤房升温性能最好，金属光管换热器烤房升温性能次之，非金属耐火材料换热器烤房升温能力相对最弱。稳温性能以非金属耐火材料换热器烤房最好，金属翅片换热器烤房次之，金属光管换热器烤房最差。2.不同材料和结构换热器密集烤房温湿度场和风场。不同材料和结构换热器烤房平面温差和垂直温差变化趋势不同。平面温差在烘烤期间出现两个高峰，整个烘烤过程中，烤房平面温差总体上以非金属耐火材料光管换热器最小，金属翅片换热器次之，金属光管换热器处理最大。烤房垂直温差变化趋势大致呈现“倒W”形，非金属耐火材料光管换热器能减小变黄和定色期烤房垂直温差，金属光管换热器则有利于减小干筋期垂直温差。3.烤房不同测点风温和风速。热风从进风口进入装烟室后，经过每个烟层，温度均会降低。当热风回到回风口时，风温较从进风口时有不同幅度的降低，非金属光管换热器烤房进风口和回风道风温差值最大，金属光管换热器烤房最小。不同测点风速以进风口>回风口>一二层叶尖>二三层叶尖。进风口、一二层叶尖、二三层叶尖、回风口测点的风速均以金属翅片换热器烤房最大，非金属耐火材料光管换热器烤房最小。整个烘烤过程中，非金属耐火材料光管换热器烤房的变化幅度较小。4.不同材料和结构换热器密集烤房对烤后烟叶质量的影响。金属翅片换热器和非金属耐火材料光管换热器能够改善烟叶外观质量，以金属翅片换热器效果最好。各处理间常规化学成分含量差异基本不显著。中部叶非金属耐火材料光管换热器处理有利于类胡萝卜素降解产物、苯丙氨酸降解产物、类西柏烷类物质含量的提高，但不利于新植二烯的积累，翅片换热器对棕色化反应产物含量的增加有一定作用，金属光管换热器处理则有利于新植二烯和中性致香物质总量的提高。上部叶非金属耐火材料光管换热器能够增加苯丙氨酸降解产物含量，但对类胡萝卜素降解产物总量的积累不利，翅片换热器能促进类胡萝卜素降解产物和棕色化反应产物的积累。金属换翅片热器和非金属耐火材料材料光管换热器能够改善烟叶评吸质量，金属翅片换热器表现最优。5.非金属耐火材料光管换热器处理和金属翅片换热器处理均能降低烘烤能耗和烘烤成本，提高烤房综合热效率，改善烤后烟叶经济性状，尤以金属翅片换热器表现最好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nonmetallic refractory smooth tube heat exchanger, metallic smooth tube heatexchanger and metallic fin tube heat exchanger were used as treatments to explore the effect ofmaterial and structure of bulk-curing barn heat exchanger on flue-cured tobacco curing. In theyear2009and2010, experiments on material and structure of heat exchanger was carried out inWu Yishan, Fujian. Results were as following：1. Temperature rising and sustaining behavior of heat exchanger with different material andstructure. Under loaded and unloaded conditions, bulk-curing barn with metallic fin tube heatexchanger performed the best in temperature rising, and bulk-curing barn with metallic smoothtube heat exchanger followed, that with nonmetallic refractory smooth tube heat exchangerbehaved relatively poorer. However, temperature holding behavior of them showed as bulk-curing barn with nonmetallic refractory smooth tube heat exchanger> bulk-curing barn withmetallic fin tube heat exchanger> bulk-curing barn with metallic smooth tube heat exchanger.2. Temperature and moisture distribution of heat exchanger with different material andstructure. Trends of level and vertical temperature difference were varying among bulk-curingbarns with different heat exchanger. Two peaks existed in level temperature difference duringcuring, and in the whole curing process, barn with nonmetallic refractory smooth tube heatexchanger gain least level temperature difference, barn with metallic fin tube heat exchanger camethe second, while barn with metallic smooth tube heat exchanger were the biggest. Verticaltemperature difference generally took inverted “W” form. Nonmetallic refractory smooth tubeheat exchanger could reduce vertical temperature difference in yellowing stage and leaf–dryingstage, while metallic smooth tube heat exchanger could reduce it in stem-drying stage.3. Temperature and speed of heated air within curing barn at different measuring points.When heated air went through a layer of tobacco leaf, its temperature dropped. Air temperature atair return opening dropped to different extent compared to that at air inlet. Among differentmeasuring points, speeds of heated air were air inlet> air return opening> leaf tip of layer2> leaftip of layer3. Speed of heated air at all measuring points of barn with metallic fin tube heatexchanger were the biggest compared with the other treatments. In the whole curing process,speed heated air in barn with refractory nonmetallic smooth heat exchanger changed the least.4. Effects of heat exchanger with different material and structure on the quality of curedtobacco leaf. Metallic fin tube heat exchanger and refractory nonmetallic smooth tube heatexchanger could improve appearance quality of tobacco leaf, and metallic fin tube heat exchanger performed better. Little difference existed among routine chemical component of differenttreatment. As to middle tobacco leaf, refractory nonmetallic smooth tube heat exchanger couldimprove contents of Degraded Carotenoid Products, Phenylalanine Products, CemdrenoidProducts, but it went against accumulation of Neophytadiene, while metallic fin tube heatexchanger could do some help for the accumulation of Maillard Reaction Products, and metallicsmooth tube heat exchanger was good for increasing of the content of Neophytadiene and totalneutral aroma components. As to upper leaf, refractory nonmetallic smooth tube heat exchangercan increase the content of Phenylalanine Products, but went against the accumulation ofDegraded Carotenoid Products, However, metallic fin tube heat exchanger could improve theaccumulation of Degraded Carotenoid Products and Maillard Reaction Products. Metallic fin tubeheat exchanger and refractory nonmetallic smooth heat exchanger could improve smoking qualityof tobacco leaf, and metallic fin tube heat exchanger performed better.5. Metallic fin tube heat exchanger and refractory nonmetallic smooth heat exchanger couldreduce energy consumption and curing cost as well as improve thermal efficiency of bulk-curingbarn, and Metallic fin tube heat exchanger took the best effect. Refractory nonmetallic smoothheat exchanger and metallic smooth tube heat exchanger can improve economic traits of curedtobacco.更多还原