【作者】 王维；

【导师】 祖波；

【作者基本信息】 重庆交通大学 ， 水力学及河流动力学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 为了建立标准、一致的河流水质模型,并使它们可与标准活性污泥模型直接相连,国际水协会(IWA)专门成立了河流水质建模任务组,并发布河流水质1号模型(River Water Quality Model NO.1, RWQMl)。本文在此模型基础上,根据其子模型选择基本原则,假定转化过程只受悬浮细菌控制而与藻类及浮游生物无关,进行实验设计。本试验通过模型水槽、河沙、活性污泥和合成废水来模拟普通河流,基本能够反应简化河流水质1号模型的基本情况,具备相应的试验条件。通过试验研究和模型的计算校核,得出以下结论：①在CODcr、TN、TP、NH3-N和DO初始浓度近似相同的情况下,水体中的各污染物指标随时间一直在下降,下降的趋势相同,但是下降的速率不同。投放活性污泥量越大,微生物的脱氮除磷作用及生长代谢过程能够更大程度地消耗有机污染物,故其下降速率越大。②在流速不同的模型水槽水体中,各污染物指标下降的速率不是简单的水流速越快下降越快或者水流速越慢下降越慢。③在试验所设定的几个流速情况下,模型水槽水流速大小与水体中的DO量成正比,流速越大,水界面与大气中的氧气交换作用越强,因而水体中DO量大。④选用灵敏度分析法对简化河流水质1号模型中27个动力学参数进行分析,得知对模拟CODc,值产生影响的动力学参数是Kgro,H,aer,To、Khyd,To、βhyd,对模拟TP值产生影响的动力学参数是Kgro,H,aer,To、Kgro,N1,To、βNI、Kgro,N2,To、KNO2,N2、βH和βN2,对模拟NH3-N值产生影响的动力学参数是Kgro,N1,To和βN1。⑤根据灵敏度分析的结果,经过多次取值计算,最终将Kgro,H,aer,To由2.0d-1调整为2.2d-1,kgro,N1,To由0.8d-1调整为0.9d-1,khyd,To由3.0d-1调整为4.9d-1,经以上调整校核后,模型可以得到更好的模拟结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a standard of river water quality model (RWQM), the RWQM No.1(RWQM1), which could be directly connected with the standard activated sludge model, has been developed by the international water association (IWA). According to the cardinal selection principles of the sub-RWQM1, on the assumption that the conversion process is merely controlled by the suspension bacterium and has nothing to do with the algae and the plankton, the simplification of RWQM1(the RWQM1Samplified) and the correspongding experiment were conducted in the study.In this test, model flume, river sand, activated sludge and synthetic wastewater are adopted to simulate the common river. The basic situation of the simplified river water quality model No.1can be reflected, and the corresponding experimental conditions can also be satisfied. Through experimental study and model computation examination, some conclusions can be reached as follows:①Under the condition that the initial concentration of CODcr, TN, TP, NH3-N and DO are approximately same, all pollutant indexes in water are decreasing constantly with time. The downtrend is similar, but the descending rate is different. The more the activated sludge is deliverd, the greater the organic pollutant consumption is. Thus the descending rate is getting larger.②In waters of different velocities in the modeling flume, the relationship between descending rate and flow velocity is not simply linear.③Under the certain flow velocities predetermined by the test, the flow velocity is proportional to the amount of DO in water. The larger the velocity is, the stronger the exchange interaction between water and oxygen in the atmosphere is. Therefore, the amount of DO in water is becoming larger.④27kinetic parameters in the simplified river water quality model No.1are analyzed by the sensitivity analysis method. The analysis of parameter sensitivity via the RWQM1Samplified selected the main kinetic parameters of kgro.H.aer.To、khyd.To、βH and βhyd for simulated CODcr, kgro.H.aer.To、kgro.N1.To、βN1、kgro.N2.To、KNO2.N2、βH and βN2for TP and kgro.N1. To and kgro.N1, To for NH3-N, respectively.⑤According to the results of sensitivity analysis, the kgro.H,aer.To is adjusted to2.2d-1the kgro、N1、To is adjusted to0.9d-1,and the khyd.To is adjusted to4.9d-1by several value calculation. Then after the above check and adjustment, it is proved that better simulation results can be obtained by the model.更多还原