【作者】 冯波；

【导师】 石庆华； 王新武；

【作者基本信息】 新疆农业大学 ， 作物（专业学位）， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 本文通过滴灌条件下不同水氮处理的小区试验，对春小麦土壤耗水规律、不同生育时期的生长发育状况以及不同滴灌配置条件对春小麦生长发育影响进行分析，最终探明滴灌下春小麦高产条件下的需水需肥规律，进而为制定高产种植灌溉模式的建立打下基础，对完善滴灌春小麦灌水施肥和种植技术理论有着重要的指导作用。主要结论如下：（1）滴灌春小麦不同的施肥和灌水对其养分吸收和产量有明显的影响，主要体现在：随灌水量的增加，植株氮素含量先增加再减少。随施氮量的增加，植株含氮量表现为植株氮素含量先增加再减少。施氮对于滴灌春小麦干物质积累的作用要大于灌水，水氮耦合效应对春小麦干物质积累的影响最小。二元二次方程模为：Y=85.16+6.02N+2.203W-0.197N2-0.004W2+0.008NW（R=0.815**）。最高春小麦产量为6737.55kg/hm2，最佳施氮量为324.15kg/hm2,最佳灌水量为3940.80m3/hm2（2）不同灌水量对滴灌春小麦需水规律有显著影响，主要体现在：滴灌春小麦的主要耗水层为0-80cm，且耗水量大小随着灌水量的增加而增大。滴灌春小麦整个生育期的耗水量变化呈现先增大后减少的倒“V”字趋势，其中拔节期为耗水量最大的时期。滴灌春小麦的株高随着灌水量的增加表现为增高趋势，其中，在拔节期之前滴灌春小麦长势相差不大。（3）滴灌春小麦不同滴灌配置方式对其生长有一定的影响，土要体现在：灌水量一定的条件下，一管五行和一管六行的处理中小麦在分蘖期以后生长速度较缓馒。不同滴灌配置方式之间的株高在分蘖期之前差异性不大，其中分蘖期中的一管四行与一管五行、一管六行之间差异性显著，拔节期一管六行与一管四行、一管五行之间存在差异。在滴灌春小麦生产过程中，不同滴灌配置方式对其干物质积累量有一定的影响，井月以一管四行的滴灌配置方式最优。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article through plot experiment under different water and nitrogen treatment with drip irrigation, analyzed the law of soil water deprivation, growth and development status in different period of spring wheat, and the influence of different drip irrigation configuration on the growth and development of spring wheat, eventually ascertain the demand law of water and fertilizer of spring wheat under high yield condition with drip irrigation, and then lay the foundation for formulating irrigation mode of high yield cultivation, hich has an important guiding role to perfect the theory of irrigation fertilization and cultivation technology of drip irrigation spring wheat.The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Different fertilization and irrigation modes have a significant effect on the nutrient absorpti on and production of drip irrigation spring wheat. Mainly reflects in:With the increase of irrigatio n water amount, plant nitrogen content increases first and then reduces. With the increase of nitrog en fertilization, plant nitrogen content increases first and then reduces. The effect of nitrogen fertili zation on dry matter accumulation of drip irrigation spring wheat is greater than irrigation, water a nd nitrogen coupling effect has the least influence. The simulation model with binary quadratic eq uation is:Y=85.16+6.02N+2.203W-0.197N2-0.004W2+0.008NW(R=0.815**). The highest yield of spr ing wheat is449.17kg/667m2, the optimum nitrogen fertilization is21.61kg/667m2, and the optimu m irrigation amount is262.72m3/667m2.(2) Different irrigation water amount has a significant influence on the water requiring law of drip irrigation spring wheat. Mainly reflects in:The main water deprivation layer of drip irrigatio n spring wheat is0-80cm, and with irrigation water amount increases, water consumption increase s too. Water consumption of the whole growth period of drip irrigation spring wheat shows first i ncreases then reduce inverted V phenomenon, and the period with the biggest water consumption i-s elongation stage. Plant height of drip irrigation spring wheat increases along with the increase o-f irrigation water amount, and the growth figure has no significant difference before elongation st age.(3) Different drip irrigation configuration ways have a certain influence on the growth of drip irrigation spring wheat. Mainly reflects in:Under a certain irrigation water amount, the growth rate of the wheat is slower after tillering stage in the treatment:a tube of five lines and a tube of six. Plant height has little difference before tillering stage among different configuration ways of drip irrigation, but there is a significant difference between a tube of four lines and a tube of five lines and a tube of six in tillering stage, and difference between a tube of six lines and a tube of four lines and a tube of five in jointing stage. In the vegetation process of drip irrigation spring wheat, different drip irrigation configuration ways have certain effect on the dry matter accumulation, and a tube of four lines is the optimal configuration way of drip irrigation.更多还原