【作者】 李霞；

【导师】 代俊兰；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 马克思主义基本原理， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着市场经济的深入发展和外来文化的冲击,社会整体道德水平呈现下滑的趋势,社会成员的感恩品质下降,人际关系变得冷淡,人与人之间缺乏感恩这条纽带。在此背景下,加强对留守儿童感恩教育的研究具有重要的现实意义。本文共分五部分：第一部分,留守儿童与感恩品质的概念界定。留守儿童通常是指父母双方或者一方外出到城市打工或者经商,而自己留在农村生活的儿童。留守儿童是一个特殊的儿童群体,数量庞大而且分布广泛。感恩品质属于道德修养的范畴,其内涵包括识恩、报恩、施恩三个方面的品质。第二部分,对留守儿童开展感恩教育的重要意义。对留守儿童来讲,感恩教育不但能够提升他们的道德水平,更重要的是有利于其健康成长、和谐于世,只有学会感恩,才能学会做人、做事。首先感恩教育是留守儿童继承和发扬中华民族传统美德的有效途径；其次,感恩教育是留守儿童健康成长的重要前提；最后,感恩教育是留守儿童和谐于世的必要条件。第三部分,留守儿童感恩品质现状调查分析。本文以河北省十二所中小学为调查得出,留守儿童感恩品质总体上是好的,主要体现在对长辈怀有感恩之心,能够意识到他人恩情,具有一定的社会幸福感等方面。但留守儿童感恩品质也有种种不足,感恩品质不如普通儿童,感恩意识较为狭隘,感恩缺乏实际行动。第四部分,留守儿童感恩品质低下的原因分析。造成留守儿童感恩品质低下的原因是复杂的,既有留守儿童自身的原因,也有家庭、学校、社会方面的原因。总的来说,留守儿童感恩品质的不足的根源在于接受的感恩教育严重不足。家庭教育的溺爱,与父母长期异地分离等原因使留守儿童失去了很多接受感恩教育的机会；学校重智育轻德育,德育功能弱化的同时也弱化了留守儿童的感恩品质培养；社会整体道德水平下降,人与人之间的信任危机都给留守儿童感恩品质的培养造成了负面影响。第五部分,留守儿童感恩教育的实施对策。提升留守儿童感恩品质、加强留守儿童感恩教育需要各方面同时努力。首先要加强留守儿童的自我修养,树立正确的感恩观,注重自我反省,重视感恩行动；其次,要重视家庭感恩教育的作用,父母要严格要求,培养孩子的家庭责任感,还要以身作则,建立良好的感恩氛围；第三,要改善学校感恩教育现状,改变传统教育模式,重视感恩教育,追求感恩教育实效,避免形式主义,还要注重教育创新,活跃感恩教育氛围；第四,社会应创设和谐的感恩环境,加快社会主义核心价值体系建设,净化农村社区环境,发挥媒体的正面宣传作用,发挥政府的主导作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of market economy and the impact of foreign culture, social morality and gratitude quality corrupted, at the same time, the relationship between people became indifferent because of the lack of gratitude. In this context, it is significative to research on the thanksgiving education of left-behind children.This paper is divided into five parts:Part One, the definition of left-behind children and gratitude quality. Left-behind children usually refers to a grop live in the country whose parents go out to work or business in city. Left-behind children is a special children’s group wide distribution with a large number. Thanksgiving quality attach to the category of moral cultivation, its connotation contains three aspects:grace realization, gratitude and feedback.Part Two, the important significance to carry out gratitude education on the left-behind children. Thanksgiving education can not only improve their moral level, but also be good for their healthy growth and harmony in the world. Only learn to be grateful, can they conduct themselves in society.Firstly, thanksgiving education is an effective way to inherit and carry forward the traditional virtues; Secondly, it is the premise of left-behind children’s healthy growth; Finally, it is necessary for left-behind children to exist in harmony with the whole world.Part Three, investigation and analysis of the present situation on the gratitude quality of left-behind children. It can be seen that left-behind children’s gratitude quality is good in general by the standard of12middle schools and primary schools in hebei province. They are grateful to their elders, besides, they can realize kindness from others and grace from society, etc. However, the gratitude quality of left-behind children is not good enough, but worse than ordinary children, their gratitude is on a smaller scale, lack of practical action, and inferior to ordinary children.Part Four, the cause of left-behind children’s low gratitude quality. The reason is complex, the left-behind children, their family, their school and the society should be responsible for the current situation. To sum up, the deficiency of the gratitude education is the root cause. In family, left-behind children lost a lot of opportunity to accept Thanksgiving education due to spoil and long-term separation from their parents; The moral education function of school is weakened for the intellectual education is valued but moral education is looked down; At the same time, he drops of social moral and interpersonal trust crisis both have a negative impact on the left-behind children’s grateful quality.Part Five, the education strategy on left-behind children’s gratitude education. It need the effort of all sectors of the community to improve the gratitude quality of left-behind children. Firstly, left-behind children must strengthen self-cultivation so as to develop their sense of Thanksgiving and pay attention to self-examination and Thanksgiving action; Secondly, family Thanksgiving education should be valued.On the one hand, parents should be strict at their children to develop their sense of responsibility,on the other hand, they should make an example:Thirdly, Thanksgiving education and traditional education mode in school must be improved, the actual effect should be pursued rather than formalism, besides, the education form innovation can be valued to active the atmosphere; Fourthly, a harmonious gratitude environment should be created in the whole society. The socialist core value system must be constructed faster and the rural community environment should be refined, at the same time, the media and government must play a role.更多还原