【作者】 李岩峰；

【导师】 林广瑞；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 马克思主义基本原理， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 粮食安全问题永远不会过时。首先，粮食不同于一般产品，粮食是人类维持生存的必需品，现代社会已经把粮食和石油并列为“战略资源”，中国是世界人口最多的国家，粮食对于我们的重要性无论怎么强调都不为过；其次，随着我国社会经济的发展与人口的增长，在新的形势下粮食安全面临着许多新问题，我国应对粮食安全问题的策略与方法也必将与以往不同，这是急待创新的地方。本文的研究目的是分析在新的形势下，中国粮食安全面临哪些问题，并探讨对应的解决策略。全文分三个部分。第一部分讨论粮食安全的基本理论。关于粮食安全的基本理论，主流的观点有：宏观粮食安全理论，微观粮食安全理论和联合国粮农组织（FAO）关于粮食安全的定义。其中，宏观粮食安全理论关注粮食的总产量和总需求间的关系；微观粮食安全理论关注各个阶层住民是否能够持续的获得足够的粮食供应；联合国粮农组织（FAO）对于粮食安全的定义的核心是关注“谁的粮食不安全？”问题，具体包括国家层面上的粮食不安全，地区层面上的粮食不安全，家庭和个人层面上的粮食不安全等问题，这一定义是宏观粮食安全理论和微观粮食安全理论的综合。这三种理论都忽略了粮食流通环节对于粮食安全的重要性。实际上，粮食安全问题是一个体系性的问题，包括粮食生产安全、粮食流通安全和粮食消费安全三个方面。第二部分分析我国粮食安全的现状。这部分包括三个小节，第一小节分析我国粮食生产领域的安全问题，并通过分析得出我国粮食综合生产能力不强的结论。第二小节分析我国粮食流通环节的安全现状，通过对粮食价格、粮食仓储和粮食宏观调控等方面的分析发现存在如下问题：粮食市场体系不健全，粮食市场被国外粮食企业把持，粮食仓储与物流建设滞后等。第三小节分析我国粮食消费安全现状，通过分析发现我国居民食物消费不卫生、不营养的相对比例较高，对生态环境压力较大。第三部分分析确保我国粮食安全的途径。这一部分分为两个小结，第一小节指出要通过完善相关法律制度，加强监管确保我国食物安全、营养安全和仓储安全。第二小节认为现阶段我国粮食安全的主要问题是利益问题，要平衡各方面的利益就要稳步推进粮食经济市场化进程。具体而言，要大力发展生物农业，增加农民收入；要加快国有粮企改革，增加粮企自身造血能力；要依托市场化，避免农业生产中的寻租现象；建立和健全期货市场是粮食经济市场化的重要环节。最后，在结论部分强调要把粮食生产、粮食流通和粮食消费三个环节综合起来考虑，才能够理解我国现阶段粮食安全问题的内涵，也是我们进行分析和研究对策的基本思路。其中，粮食生产是粮食流通的基础，粮食消费是粮食流通的归宿。更多还原

【Abstract】 Food security issues will never go out. First of all, the food is different from the generalproducts, food is a human subsistence necessities, modern society has the food and oil as a"strategic material" that China is the world’s most populous country, no matter how the foodfor us the importance of not emphasize enough Secondly, too; with China’s socio-economicdevelopment and population growth, food security in the new situation facing many newproblems, China’s response to the problem of food security strategies and methods will alsobe different, this is the urgent innovation places. The purpose of this study is to analyze thenew situation, China’s grain security is facing problem, and to explore the correspondingsolution strategy.The paper is divided into three parts. The first section discusses the basic theory of thefood security. The basic theory, the dominant view on food security: the definition of themacro food security theory, micro food security theory and the United Nations Food andAgriculture Organization (FAO) on food security. Among them, the theory of macro foodsecurity focus on the relationship between total output and total demand of the food; microfood security theory focuses on all sectors of the residents can continue to obtain sufficientfood supply; the core of the United Nations Organization (FAO) for the definition of foodsecurity concerned about "who the food insecure?" issue, including food insecurity at thenational level, district level food insecurity, food insecurity and other issues on family andindividual levels, this definition is a macro food security theory and comprehensive theory ofmicro food security. These theories have overlooked the grain circulation for the importanceof food security. In fact, the issue of food security is a systemic problem, including the threeaspects of food production safety, food distribution, security and food consumption safety.The second part analyzes the current situation of China’s food security. This sectionincludes three subsections, the first section analysis of grain production areas of securityissues, and conclusions drawn by analyzing China’s comprehensive grain production capacityis not strong. The second section analysis of the safety situation of China’s grain circulation,food prices, food storage and food of macro-control analysis found the following problems: grain market system is not perfect, the grain market and the foreign food enterprisesdominated, grain storage and logistics construction is lagging behind. The third sectionanalysis of the status quo of China’s food consumption safety analysis found that foodconsumption of Chinese residents unsanitary, nutrition and the relative proportions of highpressure on the ecological environment.The third part analyzes the ways to ensure our food security. This part is divided into two inthe first section of the summary that by improving the relevant legal system, to strengthensupervision to ensure that our food safety, nutrition, security and storage security. The secondsection that the main problem at this stage of China’s food security is a matter of interests, tobalance the interests of all parties is necessary to steadily push forward the process of grainmarket economy. In particular, we should vigorously develop bio-agriculture, increasingfarmers’ income; to speed up the reform of state-owned grain enterprises, the increase in grainprices hematopoietic capacity; to rely on market-oriented, to avoid the phenomenon ofrent-seeking in agricultural production; and integrity of the futures market is the foodeconomy an important part of market-oriented.Finally, in conclusion stressed that food production should be, the three links of the fooddistribution and food consumption, taken together, be able to understand the connotation ofthe food security problem in our country at this stage, we conducted the analysis and studymeasures the basic idea. Among them, food production is the basis of the grain circulation,food consumption is the destination of the grain circulation.更多还原