建国初期泰州地区的土地改革研究

【作者】 徐敏；

【导师】 吴小晴；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 中国近现代史， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 新中国成立之初,中国共产党为巩固新生的国家政权,面对一穷二白的国内经济,为了赢得人民的拥护,体现人民的利益,开展了废除封建土地占有制的土地改革。泰州地区是革命老区,革命基础较好,但国民党势力也有存在,历来是国共两党争夺的要地。泰州解放后,国民党势力不情愿就此退出历史舞台,他们扰乱社会秩序,威胁人民生命安全,破坏生产建设。为了稳定社会秩序,满足农民对土地的渴望,在泰州解放之后,泰州地委按照党中央和江苏省委、省政府的指示精神,在派出干部对泰州进行接管的同时,也积极准备进行土地改革。泰州地区的土改主要经历了这样的三个阶段：1950年9、10两个月,培训干部、深入发动群众、完成典型试验工作；1950年11月至12月中旬,完成新区土改,开始进行恢复区土改；1951年初至3月底,全面结束老区土改,确定产权,发放土地证。期间具体的工作又包括发动群众、划分阶级、没收征收土地财产、分配土地、复查和动员生产等。纵观泰州地区土地改革的过程,其成就毋庸置疑。农民经过土地改革获得了土地,改善了生活状况,使农村的土地占有制度合理化,彻底消灭了地主阶级,并使干部得到了锻炼和提高。但由于主观和客观的原因,也有它不足的地方,比如贫雇农发动不够,对中农的团结不够,策略运用不当,使土地改革中出现了一些过激的行为,造成不良影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 At the beginning of the found of New China, Facing the poor and blank domestic economy, the People’s Republic of China chose the land reform to abolish the land system in the feudal society in order to consolidate the new state political power, get the people’s support and benefit the masses of the people.Taizhou district is the old revolutionary, revolutionary Foundation well, counter-revolutionary forces there has always been revolutionary and counter-revolutionary scramble for locations. Liberation of Taizhou, counter-revolutionary forces unwilling to quit the stage of history, they disturb the social order, threatening people’s lives and security, destruction of production and construction.In order to stabilize social order, and satisfy the desire of farmers on the land, after liberation in Taizhou, Taizhou prefectural Party Committee in accordance with the instructions of the Party Central Committee and the Jiangsu provincial party Committee and the provincial government, while taking over in sending cadres of Taizhou, also actively making preparations for land reform. Taizhou region of major land reform has gone through three phases:in1950,9months, training, mobilizing the masses, completing a typical testing; from November1950to mid-December, the completion of land reform in the new area, began to recover land reform; in early1951until the end of March, full end of land reform in the old liberated areas, determine property rights, issuing land titles. During specific division of work and mobilize the masses, classes, confiscation of land and property, the allocation of land, review and mobilize production and so on.Look around the land reform process in Taizhou and their achievements beyond doubt. Farmers through agrarian reform obtained land, improved living conditions, allows rationalization of rural land tenure system, eliminating the landlord class and cadres to get exercise and improve. But due to subjective and objective causes, inadequate has its place, such as poor peasants and farm labourers to launch enough and United enough to farm, improper tactics, there have been some excesses in the land reform act, causing adverse effects.更多还原