基于OMMI的软件测试过程程度影响研究和实现

【作者】 陈坚；

【导师】 孙慰迟；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 软件工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着信息技术的迅猛发展,计算机软件已渗透到社会生活的方方面面。与此同时,软件项目规模的不断壮大、功能的增强和复杂度的增加,软件成本、进度、质量也变得更加难以控制。软件测试作为保证软件质量的一种重要手段,正逐渐被软件组织所重视,但是软件测试作为一个崭新的领域,很多组织对测试仍然存在误区,测试管理不规范。然而,根据全面质量管理理论,现代测试不再是编码之后的一个子过程,而是要将测试过程与开发过程并行开展,力争将缺陷控制在开发过程的每一阶段,从而有效缩短开发周期,降低质量风险。因此,除了软件测试技术以外,如何建立一个好的、适用的、可靠的软件测试管理过程是提高软件质量所急需解决的问题之一本文运用CMMI各个过程域中对软件测试和软件度量的支持框架、实际指导、过程分析等,结合传统的过程度量方法、技术,对软件测试过程度量进行研究,建立了一套可度量的、有效的软件测试管理过程,提出了基丁CMMI的软件测试度量改进流程,并且通过在本人所在公司的实践来具体细化所定义的软件测试管理过程和量化分析过程,检验模型的可靠性和可行性。结合CMMI理论、软件测试流程和软件过程度量,本人的具体工作内容为：1、通过定量分析过程执行交付物,确定了质量标准,为提高质量水平提供了目标；2、通过分析和监控执行过程,识别并消除过程异常,从而保证了过程的稳定性；3、通过使用预测模型,在立项之初即可预测项目风险,从而采取应对措施,防止风险发生；4、为管理决策提供数据支持,从而达到持续改进的目的。通过以上工作,本人协助公司的软件过程的持续改进能力的持续提高,也获得的不少经验和技巧,为以后在工作中能够做出更多贡献奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of information technology, computer software has been applied to all over our social life. Meanwhile, the growing size, functions and complexity of the software projects make that it is more difficult to balance cost, schedule and quality of software.As a method of assuring software quality, Software testing is very important in the software lifecycles. However, many organizations are still got some misunderstanding about software testing. But according to the comprehensive quality management theory, modern testing is no longer a sub process of coding. It is as important as the development process and should be carried in parallel with the development process to control defects at every stage in the software lifecycles, so as to shorten the development cycle and reduce quality risks effectively. In fact, besides the software testing techniques, it is also one of the urgent events to improve software quality that how to build applicable and reliable software testing management process.This paper is trying to establish a set of measurable and effective management processes of software testing based on software testing theories and measurement analysis practical guidance in CMMI methodology. It also combines with the traditional process measurement method, techniques and software testing process. At last, the CMMI-based software testing metrics model is applied to improve the process of the author’s company, It is also being proved to be a useful, reliable and feasible model which can be extended to other companies.The main contribution of this model is that1. Quality target is drawn up with the quantified deliveries, which provides the direction to improve the level of quality. 2. Exceptions in the process are identified and eliminated after monitoring and analyzing the software testing process with this model, thus ensured the stability of processes.3. It is useful that apply the model to predict risks in the projects at the begging so as to take response measures to prevent the risk occurring.4. Provide the reliable data for management decision, so as to achieve the goal of continuous improvement.更多还原