【作者】 杨浩；

【导师】 易平；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 信息与通信工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 无线传感器网络（Wireless Sensor Networks）是一个融合了多学科多领域的热点研究领域。近年来，随着研究的深入和应用范围的日益扩大，无线传感器网络获得了迅猛发展。无线传感器网络有着与传统无线网络明显不同的性能特点和技术要求。在无线传感器网络体系结构中，MAC(medium access control)协议作为保证网络高效通信的重要协议，一直是研究是热点。在很多现行的无线传感器网络MAC层协议中，吞吐量很大程度上受到了物理信道的利用率和协议开销的限制。事实上，现行的无线网络中，由于信道的垄断，广播和点对点的拓扑结构将物理信道的利用率限制在了一个相当低的程度。此外，由于缺少链路质量信息，协议引入的开销往往是序列和冗余的。包括信标和确认帧在内的网络控制包是一个协议的固有开销。这类控制包的丢失，会引起接收方的冗余，从而导致开销的额外增加。缺少链路信息使得一个节点无法针对减少这种开销采取进一步的措施。针对以上问题，本文在现有协议的基础上设计了一种基于一对多拓扑及链路信息的MAC层无线传感器网络协议（下称为M-MAC）。M-MAC通过帧聚合技术，实现了一个节点对多个节点同时发包，降低了网络开销，提高了物理信道利用率和网络的信息吞吐量。同时，M-MAC还设计了新的帧流程和通信时序，提高了协议的公平性。本文还自主编写实现了无线传感器网络MAC协议仿真平台，分别仿真实现了M-MAC，并与现有的部分无线传感器网络协议。本文最后通过仿真实验，比较分析了了几种无线传感器网络MAC协议与M-MAC的网络性能。通过仿真实验，与几种典型的MAC协议进行了对比分析，在网络吞吐量和公平性方面都有较大的提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wireless Sensor Network is a hot research field which combinesmultiple disciplines and domains. Nowadays, with the fast growth of itsresearch and application, wireless sensor network obtains a swiftdevelopment. Wireless sensor network has significantly differentcharacteristics and technical requirements from the traditional wirelessnetworks. In the architecture of wireless sensor networks, MAC(medium access control) has been a hotspot as an important protocol toensure the high efficiency during network communication.For many MAC protocols, throughput is highly constrained by theutilization of physical channels and the overhead of protocols. Thenature of wireless network is broadcasting and the peer to peer topologykeeps the utilization of physical channels in a relatively low levelbecause of the monopoly of channels. Besides, the overheads introducedby a protocol are flow sequence and redundancy which can be resultedfrom the lack of link quality knowledge. Control packets includingbeacons and acknowledgement are inherent overheads of one protocol.Any lost of these control packets will cause the redundancy of atreceiver side and therefore exacerbates overheads. The lack ofknowledge of the link quality obviously prohibits one ode to take furtheractions to reduce this kind of overhead.In this paper, we design a protocol based on one-to-multi topologyand wireless sensor Mac layer protocol of link information (calledM-MAC below). M-MAC achieves transmitting from one node tomultiple nodes by frame aggregation to save the overhead of MAC layer,to raise the physical channel efficiency and network throughput. At thesame time, M-MAC also designs new frame flow and communicationtiming, improving the fairness of the protocol. This protocolmainly optimizes network performance and improves the networkthroughput by increasing the utilization rate of physical channel. The paper also designs a wireless sensor network stimulation platform，successfully realizing M-MAC protocol. Finally, we compare M-MAChistorical network performances with some other wireless sensor MAClayer protocols.更多还原