【作者】 秦涛；

【导师】 王凯波； 杨梦蛟；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 工业工程（专业学位）， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 铁路线路设备维修对保证设备质量均衡和延长设备使用寿命有着重要影响，是决定设备运营安全和降低设备养护成本、提高经济效益的关键因素之一。在多种线路等级并存的环境下，探索设备维修规律，科学确定设备养修策略，构建有效的设备监测分析和维修养护模式，对现代铁路设备管理具有十分重要的意义。本文提出了基于状态监测的铁路线路维修策略，重点研究了Statistical ProcessControl（SPC）控制图在状态监测分析和维修策略中的应用问题，具体研究内容包括以下几个方面：⑴铁路线路状态检测与评估。对既有铁路线路状态评定模式和评定指标进行分析，指出了静态检测数据的欠缺和峰值评估指标对指导维修的局限性，确定轨检车的动态检测数据的均值指标Track Quality Index（TQI）为指导线路设备维修的主要指标，明确了本文研究的主要对象，保证了采用数据的可靠性。⑵分析铁路线路状态变化统计规律。利用TQI的历史数据，全面分析不同线路检测数据的时间趋势，建立了线路轨道质量指数TQI与铁路线路状态劣化之间的关系，显示了线路设备的实际状态与TQI的良好对应关系，证明了利用TQI进行设备状态预测的可行性。⑶提取轨道质量状态特征指数TQI1、TQI2，建立铁路线路状态的SPC控制图。通过不同线路的数据分析，确定轨道质量状态的可用左轨向、右高低、水平、轨距四项的综合TQI1表示；在此基础上，根据不同的设备维修模式建立线路状态SPC图，分析建立了适用于机械和人工两种维修模式的TQI2和TQIgj控制图。⑷铁路线路预测性修维策略的实践。利用SPC图对不同等级的线路进行状态变化预测，诊断异常原因及地段，确定维修方式和时间；并针对不同的异常项目和地段建立不同的控制图进行分析预测，引用实例对维修前后的线路设备状态在控制图上的反映进行的比较分析，较好地验证了维修效果和控制图的有效性。⑸结合当前轨检车数据采集和静态检测设备的发展实际，对利用轨检车直接检测数据分析建立控制图、动静态数据的综合利用和完善维修项目预测监控等可行性进行了分析和展望，为基于状态检测的维修策略的完善和发展提供了进一步研讨的方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Railway line equipment maintenance has a major impact on ensuring the qualitybalance and extending the service life of equipment, it is one of the key factors todetermine the equipment operator safety, reduce equipment maintenance costs andincrease economic efficiency. In a variety of line level coexist environment,It has veryimportant significance for modern railway equipment management to explore the law ofmaintenance of equipment, scientifically determine equipment maintenance andrepairing strategies, and build an effective equipment monitoring and maintenancemode.This paper presents the state-based detection of railway track maintenance strategy,focusing on the Statistical Process Control（SPC）control charts in the application ofstate monitoring analysis and maintenance device, include the following aspects:(1)The monitoring and evaluation of the railway line status. Analyzing theevaluation modes and indicators of the existing railway line state, it points out thelimitations of the lack of static test data and peak evaluation indicators for guiding themaintenance, determines the dynamic test data for track inspection car Track QualityIndex（TQI）to be the key index of the line equipment maintenance guidance, anddefinite the main target of this study, thus ensures the reliability of data.(2)Analyzing the statistical laws of railway line state changes. Through using thehistorical data TQI,analyzing the time trend of the different lines of test datacomprehensively, it sets up the relationship between the line Track Quality Index TQIand the deterioration of the railway line state, then finding a good correlation betweenthe actual state of the line equipment and TQI, and prioves it is feasible for equipmentstate prediction it use TQI.(3)Extracting track quality status characteristic index TQI1, TQI2, establishing SPCcontrol charts of the state of railway line. Through the data analysis of different lines,the consolidated TQI including left align,right surface, level and gauge is available forthe track quality state. On this basis, in light of different equipment maintenance modes to establish SPC charts of railway line status, it can establish the control charts of TQI2and TQIgjwhich are available for mechanical and manual maintenance modes.(4)The application of the railway line predictability of repair-dimensional strategy.Using SPC charts to predict status change of different speed grades of theline,diagnosing the abnormal reasons and lots, determining the mode and time ofmaintenance; It also analyses and forecasts the different control charts which areestablished on different abnormal items and lots, refers to an instance of reflection thatis on the control charts of line device status before and after the maintenance, thenparatively analyze them can verify the effectiveness of maintenance results and thecontrol charts(5)Combining with the actual development of the current track inspection car dataacquisition and testing equipment, it analyses and outlooks the feasibility of controlcharts which are set up on test data of track inspection car directly, comprehensiveutilization of static and dynamic data, improving the forecastion and monitoring of themaintenance projects and so on, and further provides a studying aspect for theimprovement and development of maintenance device which is detected on its state.更多还原