【作者】 孙帆；

【导师】 刘浔；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 电气工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 雷电灾害严重威胁这电力系统的安全运行，输电线路接地装置是维护电力系统可靠运行的基础设备，高幅值雷电流作用下接地导体接地性能与工频状态下有较大区别。故需要对输电线路杆塔接地装置在雷电流作用下的动态冲击特性进行准确的计算和试验研究。然而，对输电线路杆塔进行冲击电流的试验研究，由于试验条件的特殊性，需要确定较完善的试验方法，并选择合适的实验设备，而且试验测量中试验结果容易受到各类因素的干扰产生误差。基于以上背景，本文提出利用等效模型，在充分考虑试验装置和试验环境实际情况的前提下，对冲击接地试验中的各类装置准确建模，模拟试验情况。以仿真计算的手段对接地装置的冲击试验进行研究，有助试验设备选型及试验方案可行性研究，并能够有效分析试验误差原因，对试验提出改进意见，从而更好的研究接地装置实际工作特性。本文将三种较为典型的接地装置的仿真计算结果与实际现场试验结果进行对比，证实所提出的试验模型及仿真具有较好的准确度，这种试验模拟方法是较为可行的。通过对试验及仿真计算结果的理论分析，对测量电流电压波形的规律做出了一定的规律性总结，对影响测量结果各类因素进行了分析，同时对冲击试验的设备选型提出了建议。以上研究为顺利实施杆塔接地装置现场冲击特性试验，提供了较为完善的前期准备，对试验方法研究和试验设备选择提供了重要的理论依据和指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 The grounding device which greatly used in the power plant and substation isbasic equipment that protect power lines and power apparatus from lightning current.The lightning protection performance of power grid affected by The impulsecharacteristics of grounding device directly. The lighting transient characteristics ofgrounding devices in high current amplitude is much different from its frequencypower characteristics and it’s the fundament of lightning protection of power systemand.so it is necessary to analysis the lighting transient performance of groundingdevice.However，because of the particularity of experimental investigation condition andthe experiment results always influenced by those interference. We should make sureof the text plan and choose the suitable equipment.To address the above issues. a equivalent model based on fully consider at aboutthe experiment details is presented in this paper. Those equipments used intheexperiment were given the model such as High instantaneous current enigenerato,voltage divider, grounding device and so on. The experimental investigation modelcan not only simulate the time-varying characteristics of various parameters under thelightning current, but can be used to analysis the where the experimental error comefrom, and it’s also helpful in choosing equipment before doing the experiment. Theimpulse grounding resistance in higher current can be calculated by using theexperiment investigation model.The results calculated by using the experimental investigation model arecompared with authoritative data from the field test, The comparative results showthat the results of the model are very close to the real situation.Then the paperdetailedly analyses the impulse characteristics of grounding devices under thelightning current. and get a lot of calculation results of the wavefrom of impulse experiments. And I give some advice about how to choose the experiment equipmentwhile I discuss the influences of different factors on the impulse groundingexperiment.The above research results of the impulse experiment for grounding deviceprovide a great help for the further research.更多还原