【作者】 罗成；

【导师】 黄荣华；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 动力机械及工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 大型工业加热炉通常使用空气预热器利用烟气中的余热热量加热进炉冷空气，回收部分排烟中的热量，从而达到节省燃料的目的。然而，空气预热器管壁上的积碳和灰尘却极大的阻碍了余热的回收。本文论述了各类工业除尘设备发展的现状以及存在的问题。目前所使用的除尘设备大多是对烟气进行过滤、净化，无法完全清除空气中的烟尘，对管壁表面的积尘无法起到很好的清除效果，而且使用和维护成本较高。武汉钢铁（集团）公司进行了能源结构调整，加热炉所用燃料由重油改为价格较低的焦炉煤气，燃烧后的烟气中烟尘含量增大，原有的除尘设备和除尘方法已无法满足要求。结合热轧厂生产的实际情况，针对正在使用的加热炉烟道和空气预热器，设计了一款机械式除尘装置，可在停炉时直接清除空气预热器管组表面积尘。提高换热效率和预热空气温度，增加余热回收率，节省燃料。首先，对武钢热轧厂加热炉换热器进行现场考察，测量实际结构尺寸，结合现场实际情况提出设计要求；进行除尘装置的方案论证，选择满足现场使用要求的设计方案并加以改进；确定方案之后，利用三维造型软件pro/e完成零件模型和装配模型的设计、运动仿真以及所用配件的选型；利用有限元分析软件Algor进行关键零件和部件的有限元分析，包括关键部位的应力和应变，验证机械设计的合理性，并结合有限元分析结果，对机械式除尘装置进行设计优化；完成设计和优化工作后，使用AutoCAD软件绘制零件的工程图，完成配件采购及零件的机械加工；最后，进行机械除尘装置的组装并进行现场试验，根据现场使用情况对结构或零件进行适当的调整以满足使用要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 To saving fuel, large industrial furnaces normally arrange in groups with airpreheaters. However, carbon and dust on the pipe wall of air preheaters greatly hinderedthe recycling of waste heat.This paper discusses the development and problems of various types of industrialdust-removal equipment. Most devices currently in use are the flue gas filtration andpurification equipment, they can’t completely clear the dust in flue gas, and can’t play avery good scavenging effect to the dust on the surface of pipe wall, also with a high costof use and maintenance.Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Corporation improved energy structure, furnace fuelchanged by heavy oil to cheap coke oven gas，increased dust level in the flue gas, existingdust-removal equipment and method has been unable to meet the requirements. Based onthe actual situation, aim the furnace flue and air preheater in using, design a mechanicaldust-removal device, clear dust on tube surface of the air preheater directly. Improve theefficiency of heat transfer and the temperature of preheated air, increase the heat recoveryand save fuel.First, Site visits to the Hot-rolling Plant，measured the actual structure and size of theair preheaters, proposed design requirements; demonstrated the mechanical designprograms, select the design which meet the requirements and make improvements; then,designed parts and assembly models, and motion simulation with3D modeling softwarePro/e, selected accessories; next, finite element analysis for the stress and strain of keyparts and components with finite element analysis software ALGOR, verify thereasonableness of mechanical and design optimization; after that, completed drawings ofparts and assembly models with computer-aided design software AutoCAD, completedmechanical processing and procurement of accessories; at last, conducted assembly andfield test, make an appropriate adjustment to satisfy the operation requirements accordingfield test.更多还原