【作者】 何飞；

【导师】 左剑恶； 孙成威；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 环境工程（专业学位）， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 辽河油田是我国最大的稠油生产基地，每天约产生65000m~3的稠油污水，稠油污水具有油水密度差小、乳化严重、生物降解性能差、水质水量变化大、矿化度高、水温高、粘度大等特点，决定了稠油污水的处理难度相当大。本论文在对现场水质和原有处理工艺调研的基础上，针对稠油污水处理难以达标的主要矛盾，首先开展COD的构成研究，再通过筛选培养优势微生物，对稠油污水的生物处理工艺开展了试验研究。论文针对水解酸化－接触氧化处理工艺开展了实验室研究。以组合填料为生物膜填料，停留时间为16h以上，进水COD为200~400mg/L，石油类为40~60mg/L时，出口COD在30~60mg/L之间，石油类小于5mg/L，装置对COD和石油类的平均去除率分别可达84.2%、83.7%。在实验室研究的基础上，论文进行了水解酸化－接触氧化工艺现场小试研究。以气浮处理后的出水为来水，设计处理流量为3.2m~3/d进行了2个月的现场小试试验，确定进水流量为1.6m~3/d，水温20~50℃，进水COD平均值为302mg/L时，出水COD在100mg/L左右，平均值为94mg/L，COD去除率为68%。论文开展了现场中试试验工艺设计及试验研究。中试试验采用生物膜水解酸化-接触氧化工艺处理稠油污水。其中，生物膜水解酸化池设计进水温度55~60℃，水力停留时间15h，COD容积负荷介于0.1~0.2kgCOD/(m~3·d)；接触氧化池设计进水水温60℃，水力停留时间21h，COD容积负荷介于0.1~0.15kgCOD/(m~3·d)。经过4个月的运行，水解酸化-接触氧化工艺的出水COD介于70~88mg/L之间变化，平均值为77.5mg/L；石油类在4~6mg/L之间变化，平均值为4.9mg/L。研究进一步改进了中试装置的生物处理工艺，在生物处理工艺后研究采用活性炭和臭氧处理手段进一步降低COD和油含量，预计处理后COD值可降到45mg/L以下，能够满足辽宁省污水外排COD小于50mg/L的新标准，为后续的污水处理改扩建工程提供了技术储备。更多还原

【Abstract】 Liaohe oil field is the largest heavy oil production base in China, every day about65000m~3of heavy oil wastewater is produced, heavy oil wastewater contains oil andwater with very small density difference, serious emulsification, very poorbiodegradability, high salinity and temperature and viscosity, and so on, results that thetreatment of heavy oil wastewater is extremely difficult.The water quality and the original treatment process were investgated, and to solvethe main difficults for the treatment and to reach the discharge standard, the chemicalcomposition of the COD matters in the wastewater was studied, and some specialmicrobes with special degradability to heavy oil were selected and cultivated, and thenew biological treatment process was studied on site.Papers for acidification-contact oxidation process carried out laboratoryresearch. The combination of filler filler for the biofilm, more than16hresidence time, influent COD of200~400mg/L, oil is40~60mg/L, theoutlet COD in30~60mg/L between the oil class less than5mg/L, COD andoil plant, the average removal rates of up to84.2%,83.7%.In laboratory studies, based on the papers of the hydrolysis acidification-contact oxidation process on-site small pilot study. The flotation treated waterto runoff, the design process flow of3.2m~3/d for2months of field testing asmall test to determine the water flow of1.6m~3/d, water temperature20~50℃, the average influent COD value of302mg/L, the effluent COD in the100mg/L or so, an average of94mg/L, COD removal efficiency of68%.Thesis carried out on-site pilot testing process design and test research.Pilot test the use of biofilm hydrolytic acidification-Contact Oxidation Processheavy water. Among them, the biofilm hydrolytic acidification tank design inlettemperature of55~60℃, hydraulic retention time of15h, COD loading ratebetween0.1~0.2kgCOD/(m~3d); contact oxidation tank design watertemperature60℃, hydraulic retention time21h, COD loading rate between0.1~0.15kgCOD/(m~3d). After four months of operation, the hydrolyticacidification-contact oxidation process effluent COD ranged from70~88mg/L varied between an average of77.5mg/L; oil in4~6mg/L between the change in average value of4.9mg/L.Research pilot plant to further improve the biological treatment process,after research in the biological treatment process using activated carbon andozone treatment means to further reduce the COD and oil content, the CODvalue is expected to be reduced after treatment45mg/L or less, to meet thewater of Liaoning Province efflux COD less than50mg/L of the new standardfor subsequent wastewater treatment expansion project provided technicalreserves.更多还原