【作者】 赵鹏；

【导师】 王银燕；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 动力机械及工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着相继增压技术在排水量为600吨~4000吨的小型船舶柴油机中的应用，在提高动力性能和经济性能的同时，对其安装空间提出了新的要求。而现阶段相继增压系统使用的燃气阀均采用进口阀门，不但体积较大，而且价格昂贵，限制了相继增压技术的应用；相继增压系统在切换过程，烟度增加，转速波动明显。针对以上问题，本文对柴油机相继增压系统的燃气阀进行设计，并研究各部件之间位置关系对相继增压柴油机瞬态切换过程的影响。以TBD234V12柴油机为基础，完成了对该机采用相继增压技术的排气连通管的设计与分析，设计了两种不同的排气连通管方案：H形连通管和倒π形连通管，首先根据柴油机以及增压系统的空间布置要求建立了两种连通管方案的三维模型，然后应用FLUENT软件进行模拟计算，通过分析得出了倒π形连通管的总体性能优于H形连通管的结论，为阀门的流场分析及试验研究相继增压系统各部件之间的位置关系奠定了基础。设计了V型槽卡箍连接的柴油机排气管连接形式，分析了其受力特点，应用表明V型槽卡箍连接有效地减少了管路连接所占用的空间。针对柴油机排气温度高，废气中含有碳粒的特点，研制了用于相继增压系统的高温燃气阀，该燃气阀重量较国外燃气阀减少60%，高度减少75%，可在800℃以下高温中正常启闭，启闭时间小于0.2s，且其内外部泄漏等级均能满足相继增压系统的使用要求。应用GT-power软件，仿真研究了各阀门安装位置对相继增压柴油机切换过程的影响，通过对仿真结果分析得出了相继增压控制阀最佳安装位置及空气阀延迟时间。为了验证仿真模型的有效性，设计并搭建了相继增压柴油机阀门安装位置试验台；开发了相继增压蝶阀控制系统，通过试验得到控制阀最佳安装位置与空气阀延迟时间，与仿真数据得到的结果相一致。本文通过对柴油机相继增压系统燃气阀的设计及各部件位置关系的研究，选择了最佳的阀门安装位置及切换延迟时间，改善了相继增压柴油机在切换过程的排放及转速波动。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the sequential turbocharging technology is applying for small-scale marine dieselengine of600T-4000T type, new requirements about installation space is proposed while theimprovement of economic performance and dynamic performance. Currently, gas valves usedin sequential turbocharging technology is the inlet valves which is bulky and expensive, so thedevelopment of sequential turbocharging technology is limited; in the switch process ofsequential turbocharging system, smoke is increased and speed fluctuates significantly. Tosolve the above problems.In this paper, gas valves is developed, and also the influence ofposition relationship among various components in transient switching process of thesequential turbocharging diesel engine.Based on a TBD234V12diesel engine, design and analysis of exhaust connecting pipe ofthe sequential turbocharging system is completed, and two different programs are proposed:H-shaped connecting pipe and reverse π-shaped connecting pipe, firstly based on the spacelayout requirements of the diesel engine and the turbocharging system, three-dimensionalmodel of the two programs is built, then simulation in FLUENT software is applied, finallythe conclusion that the overall performance of reverse π-shaped connecting pipe is better thanoverall performance of H-shaped connecting pipe is obtained by analyzing the simulationresults.The foundation is laid for valves of the flow field analysis and experimental researchof sequential turbocharing system parts relation between the positions.Connection form ofthe diesel engine exhaust pipe using the V-groove clamp is designed, force characteristics ofsuch connection form is analyzed, which shows the space of pipe connection is reducedeffectively by applying the V-groove clamp connection.For the characteristic that the exhaust gas of the diesel engine is high temperature andincluding carbon particles, a gas valve used in sequential turbocharging system is developed,which is60%lighter and75%lower than foreign gas valves, can be started at800℃, the openand close time is less than0.2s, and its internal and external leakage levels could meet therequirements of sequential turbocharging system.Simulation on the impact of the valve installation location on the switching process ofthe sequential turbocharging diesel engine by using GT-power software, and the bestmounting position and the air valve delay time is obtained by analyzing the simulation results. A test-bed of valves installation position of the sequential turbocharging diesel engine isdesigned and set up to verify the model; Butterfly valves control system of the sequentialturbocharging diesel engine is developed, the test data of the best valves mounting positionand air valves delay time is obtained, which is unanimous with the simulation results.In this paper, the best valves mounting positon and switching delay time is chosen, whichimproves the emission and the speed fluctuation in switching process of the sequentialturbocharging diesel engine.更多还原