【作者】 杨雷；

【导师】 张健沛；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 计算机软件与理论， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着世界各国对海洋信息需求的日益增长，人们开始把关注点越来越多的投注到水下无线传感器网络的相关研究上。水下无线传感器网络是水下传感器网络和水下机器人的结合，具体是指将低能耗、短通信距离的水下传感器节点部署到指定海域，利用节点的自组织能力自动建立起网络。网络中的节点利用传感器实时监测、采集网络分布区域内的各种监测信息，经数据融合等信息处理后，通过具有远距离传输能力的水下节点将实时监测信息送到水面基站，然后通过近岸基站或卫星将实时信息传递给用户。现有的水下无线传感器网络的研究沿用了传统传感器技术的分层方式。这虽然降低了研究的难度，但各层的优化设计并不能保证整个网络的设计最优。跨层设计正可以克服分层方式带来的缺陷。其目标就是实现逻辑上并不相邻的协议层次间的设计互动与性能平衡。在物理层、数据链路层和网络层上进行跨层综合设计可以进行性能的平衡，减少控制信号的传送，从而达到最大化节省能量，延长网络生存期，这对于水下无线传感器网络尤为重要。论文结合水下通信特点，采用跨层设计的理念，对物理层、调制和FEC、MAC和路由的交互进行综合考虑。以已有无线传感器网络中的研究作为基础，结合物理层的工作特点，综合考虑数据链路层和网络层的功能和特点、对跨层协作进行研究，制定合适的水声通信网络协议，提出跨层链接传输算法CLLT和跨层链接优化算法CLLO，让稀少的可用资源尽可能得到充分、有效利用。仿真实验结果表明，跨层协作的数据通信方法对于水下无线传感器网络是合适的。论文提出的算法CLLT和CLLO不仅提高了系统资源的利用率、网络的吞吐量，而且具有较好的稳定性。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increasement of requirements for the ocean information in the world, peoplebegin to put focus on the research on underwater wireless sensor networks. Underwaterwireless sensor networks consist of a variable number of sensors and vehicles that aredeployed to perform collaborative monitoring tasks over a given area. Underwater sensornodes will find applications in oceanographic data collection, pollution monitoring, offshoreexploration, disaster prevention, assisted navigation and tactical surveillance applications.Moreover, unmanned or autonomous underwater vehicles, equipped with sensors, will enablethe exploration of natural undersea resources and gathering of scientific data in collaborativemonitoring missions. Underwater sensor nodes and vehicles must possess self-configurationcapabilities, coordinate their operation by exchanging configuration, location and movementinformation, and relay real-time monitored data to an onshore station, and in the end to theusers by onshore station or secondary planet.The research on underwater wireless sensor networks is studied by the layer methods inthe wireless sensor networks. Although this simplifies the research, the respective layeroptimization is not able to guarantee the overall networks optimization. Cross layer can makeup for the limitation brought by layer. Its object is to realize the balance between theperformance and the design interaction in protocol layer which is not adjacent in logicalness.The cross layer among the physical, data link and networks balances the performance anddecreases the transition about the control signal. It realized the maximization of saving energyand the extension of lifetime. This is very important to the underwater wireless sensornetworks. The thesis combines underwater communications among underwater devices, takesuse of the cross layer design, considers the physical layer, modulation and forward errorcorrect interaction, media access control and routing interaction. Based on the research onwireless sensor networks, combined with the characteristics of physical layer, thefunctionalities and characteristics are considered in a comprehensive way, the cross layerdesign is studied thoroughly, and the cross layer link transmission algorithm and cross layerlink optimization are proposed which makes the scare resource effective utilization.The simulation experiments show that cooperation communication based-on cross layeris fit for underwater wireless sensor network. The algorithm CLLT and CLLO increase theefficiency and throughout. They also have good stability.更多还原