基于ARM的体外反搏控制系统研究

【作者】 李振凯；

【导师】 王祖麟； 邓左民；

【作者基本信息】 江西理工大学 ， 控制工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 人体的心电信号包含了丰富的反映心脏生理状态的信息,与人的健康状态有着密切的关系,通过检测脉搏信号能够获得绝大部分心电信号的特征参数。因此对脉搏信号进行深入分析与研究具有独特的重要意义。体外反搏(External Counterpulsation)系统是一种采用微处理器或计算机控制的辅助治疗系统,能够增加人体各器官的血液供应,降低心脏的负荷和耗氧量,对加强缺血组织器官的支循环等方面有显著的疗效。其原理是通过对心电信号进行检测,经数据处理后,对包裹在患者的四肢和臀部的若干气囊按一定次序逐个加压。整个过程可以提高心脏部位的舒张压和冠动脉的血液灌注量,起到缓解心脏负担和降低心肌耗氧量的作用。本论文在分析了体外反搏的医学原理和对目前市场上的体外反搏装置做了细致调研后,提出了一种新的体外反搏控制系统设计方案。该控制系统通过检测手指的脉搏波即可判定出体外反搏装置的充排气时机,具有简便、高效、可靠等特点。同时,方案还运用了小波分析算法对脉搏信号参数进行实时调整,提高了反搏控制的效果。体外反搏装置的控制必须要符合人体血液循环的特点,关键在于要精确地控制气囊每次充、排气的时机。这就要求在设计系统时能通过QRS波群准确地计算出充排气的时间点,同时能够根据QRS波群的变化实时调整参数。为了保证对检测信号进行精确的测量处理,本文在硬件设计中采用了外围接口丰富的高速ARM处理器,还将小波变换理论中的阈值算法运用到对脉搏信号的软件降噪处理中。同时通过运用USB、TCP/IP等技术实现了高速数据采集与通讯、远程医疗等功能,进一步扩展了体外反搏的装置功能与治疗效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 ECG signal of the human body contains a wealth of information to reflect the heart of the physiological state, has a close relationship with the person’s health status, access to the vast majority of the characteristic parameters of ECG signal by detecting the pulse signal. Therefore, the pulse signal in-depth analysis and research has a unique significance. External counterpulsation(External Counterpulsation) system is a microcontroller to control the mechanical circulatory support system, capable to increase various organs of the body of blood supply, reducing the load on the heart and oxygen consumption, the promotion of ischemic tissues and organs side branch circulation and other aspects have a significant effect. The principle is the ECG signal detection, after data processing, wrapped in a patient’s limbs and buttocks enclosed airbag carried sequential compression. The entire process can improve the heart of the diastolic blood pressure and coronary perfusion, reduce cardiac load and myocardial oxygen consumption.In this thesis, the analysis of the medical principle of enhanced external counterpulsation and currently on the market external counterpulsation device to do a detailed research, a new external counterpulsation control system design. Of the control system can be determined by the test finger refers to pulse charge and exhaust timing of external counterpulsation device has a simple, efficient and reliable. At the same time, the program also used to look for the optimal control algorithm to ECG parameters in real time to adjust and improve the effect of counterpulsation controll.In vitro anti-stroke device control must be consistent with the characteristics of the human blood circulation, the key is to precisely control the balloon each charge, exhaust timing. This requires to design a system to accurately calculate the QT interval through the QRS complex, parameter fine-tuning to determine the charge of the timing of the exhaust. In order to ensure accurate measurement of the detection signal processing, using high-speed ARM processor and high accuracy A/D converter, and also wavelet transform theory to the pulse signal noise reduction processing. Through the use of technologies such as USB, TCP/IP high-speed data acquisition and communications, telemedicine and other functions, and further expansion of the external counterpulsation device and treatment.更多还原