【作者】 谢珊；

【导师】 罗汉；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 数学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 医院医疗资源的优化配置深受关注.由于大型综合医院看病人数多及患者到达和诊治所需时间的随机性,排队现象几乎不可避免.当服务窗口(如门诊挂号窗口、诊室或床位)不足时,会使患者等待时间太长,导致医院的服务水平下降.因此,科学合理地对医疗资源进行优化配置,既使医院不会盲目增加资源形成浪费,又使患者排队等待时间尽可能减少,从而实现医院和患者的“双赢”.本文主要进行了两方面的研究：1.分析了医院服务系统,得到门诊系统的排队主要有单服务窗等待制排队模型(即M/M/1)和多服务窗等待制排队模型(即M/M/C),病床安排系统主要是多服务窗损失制排队模型(即M/M/C/C),并研究了这几种排队模型的主要特征指标.建立了整个医院系统的排队优化模型,并提出了医院和患者费用最省的优化模型.2.以湖南省株洲市××医院为实际研究对象.对门诊和住院部的实际数据进行了统计分析,用χ2检验对患者的到达率和服务率进行了假设检验,构造了完整的统计检验过程.建立了医院门诊系统的排队优化模型,分别求出了门诊挂号处、医生诊断处、划价收费处和药房取药处患者的队长、等待队长、等待时间和逗留时间等特征指标,给出了平衡条件下各服务流程不同站点的特征指标和整个门诊服务系统的主要指标,并利用Matlab的Simulink和M-file编程对模型进行了计算机仿真验证.探究了医院住院部的结构特点,建立了多服务台损失制排队模型,并以一个科室为实例,求出了床位安排的特征指标,同时利用Simulink和M-file编程对医院床位安排建立了仿真模型.仿真验证了模型的正确性.本研究优化了医院资源的配置,为医院的管理提供参考和借鉴.更多还原

【Abstract】 The optimizational allocation of the medical resources in hospitals is deeply concerned.The large number of patients, the random arrival of patients and different time needed for diagnosis make queuing inevitable in large general hospital.When the service windows (such as registered windows, infirmaries or beds) are insufficient, the patients have to wait longer, which results in reducing the level of service in a hospital. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the allocation of medical resources in the scientific and rational way so that hospitals will not blindly increase facilities causing a waste of resources, and patients will spend less time waiting. Hospitals and patients achieve "win-win."In this paper, two aspects of research is conducted.1. The hospital service system was analysed, and it was found that there is a queuing model of waiting system with a single service window (ie M/M/1) and a multi-service window (ie M/M/C) in the outpatient department, and the quequing model of loss system with multi-service window (ie M/M/C/C) is used in the bed quequing system. With main features of these models studied, the optimized quequing model of the entire hospital system was establishe,and the optimized model with least cost for hospitals and patients was suggested.2. A hospital in Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province was taken as an example for the study. The data from the outpatient and the inpatient department were counted and analysed. An optimized queuing model for the outpatient department was established. The length of patient queues, the length of waiting queues, waiting time and the length of stay at the registration, the diagnosis, the charge and the pharmacy were worked out and the characteristic index of different sites in the service flow under the equilibrium conditions and the main index of the whole outpatient service system were obtained. The model was tested on a computer with the help of Simulink and Matlab M-file programming. The structural characteristics of the inpatient department were explored and the queuing model of loss system with a multi-service desk was established. The simulation test proved that the model is correct. The research optimized the configuration of hospital resources, and provided information and reference for the hospital management.更多还原