车用硅油减振器阻尼性能参数计算方法研究

【作者】 李杰；

【导师】 俞小莉；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 动力机械及工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 扭转振动是影响汽车安全性和舒适性的重要因素之一。扭转振动不仅会使曲轴及其相关运动体产生附加应力,而且会降低整车的乘坐舒适性。合理的匹配减振器能有效的控制扭转振动,但硅油减振器性能参数的获取具有一定的困难。鉴于此,本文根据硅油减振器内部结构特点,提出了根据减振器外壳与内环相位差计算内部阻尼的办法,并建立了相应的数学关系。通过硅油减振器台架试验,验证了计算方法的可行性及计算结果的可信性。基于试验数据,研究了硅油减振器性能参数对扭振振幅产生影响的敏感程度,分析了阻尼性能对试验系统的影响规律。本文完成的主要研究内容如下：1.提出根据减振器外壳与内环相位差进行阻尼性能参数计算的思路,根据达朗贝尔方程建立相应的数学关系式,由理论条件下内环与外壳的相位差,计算不同频率下的阻尼值,构建阻尼、频率以及相位差脉谱图。2.搭建硅油减振器阻尼性能参数测试试验台,采用pro/e, hypermesh, abaqus等有限元软件对测试台架各机械部件进行仿真,计算测试系统的惯量、刚度及模态特性。3.基于Labview平台开发了硅油减振器性能参数测试系统控制应用程序,基于Matlab编写阻尼参数的计算程序。4.试验过程中,测得不同频率的减振器外壳与内环的实际相位差,与理论计算的脉谱图相联立进行阻尼计算。5.采用如下两种方法对试验数据计算的阻尼值进行验证：根据已得的阻尼参数对减振器激励装置的外加力矩进行反求,通过外加力矩的变化状态说明阻尼计算的可信性；通过双质量简化系统数学模型,由已有阻尼计算理论状态下的振幅值,并与试验测试数据的振幅进行对比,说明阻尼计算方法的可行性。6.针对硅油减振器可调的两个参数：减振器内环惯量与减振器内部阻尼值,分别计算参数变化对于系统扭转振动特性的影响,并采用数学方法对减振器与试验台架的匹配进行计算。更多还原

【Abstract】 Torsional vibration is one of the most important factors which greatly influence the mobile safety. Torsional vibration will not only crease the subsidiary stress on the crank shaft and negative effects on corollary equipment, but also create obvious vehicle vibration and noise, these will reduce the vehicle ride comfort. The most commonly used method to reduce the torsional vibration is adding silicone oil damper which parameters are suitable with the engine. During the matching procedure, the exactly number of stiffness, inertia and damp should be known. The inertia parameter of the silicone oil damper is easy to get, but the damp parameter is hard to know. In this paper, a mathematical method is proposed to calculate the inside damp parameter of silicone oil damper according its structure. The method calculates the damper parameter from the phase difference between the damper shell and inside inertia ring. The inertia, stiffness, modal parameters during the compute process is got by finite element method. The test experiments including the silicone oil damper confirm the feasibility of this method and the credibility of the results. According the testing damper number and the inherent property of the testing equipment, the sensitivity of the torsional vibration amplitude was analyzed under the changing of silicone oil damper parameters.The following works are completed in this thesis:1. Put forward the calculate procedure according the phase difference between the damper shell and inside inertia ring, set up the mathematic expression according the Alembert equation, choose the phase difference under ideal state, calculate the damper number in different frequency, build the damp, frequency, phase difference MAP.2. Build the silicone oil damp parameter test bench, use finite element software such as pro/e, hypermesh, abaqus to simulate the mechanical components, get the property of inertia, stiffness and modal parameters.3. Write the control application program based on Labview and write the damp parameter calculate program based on matlab. 4. Do the experiment with silicone oil damper, find out the phase difference and the real damp number using the already got MAP.5. Use two method to certify the calculate results. The first one calculates the external applied moment according to the calculated damp number; the second one calculates the ideal torsional amplitude according to the calculated damp number. Take these two calculate test to compare with the ideal results, prove the validity of the calculate method.6. On account of two variable parameters:the inertia of the inner ring and the inside damp of the silicone oil damper, calculate the properties of the test system with the changing variable parameters; match the test bench and the silicone oil damper with mathematical method.更多还原