【作者】 陈亮；

【导师】 张浩江；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 市政工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着水源水污染的日益恶化，水厂传统的水处理工艺已经不堪重负。保证水厂出水水质稳定、安全、可靠，结合适当的方法改造水厂，确保人民用水安全已然成为急需解决的问题及水处理行业研究的热点。面对当下情势，本文结合渗流、大口井、生物滤池等预处理设施的特性和优点进行了辐射流过滤器的设计和研究。试验证明，选用方格筛网比席型筛网，更有利于辐射流过滤器反洗后的流量恢复。采取气水联合反冲洗，能更为有效的使在过滤过程中粘附在筛网外层的污染物质在气流扰动下得到去除，滤料的反洗排污情况也比采用单独水反冲洗要好。试验开始初期对辐射流过滤器进行了自然挂膜，17天后装置对氨氮和CODMn的去除率分别达到了43.0%和49.6%并趋于稳定。挂膜时间相对较短，主要原因是在挂膜前期对滤料进行了初步的驯化。并对影响挂膜的因素温度、水力停留时间、原水水质等进行了分析，认为辐射流过滤器稳定后的去除效果不太高的原因主要是滤层薄、水力停留时间短。通过分析0.6m/h，0.9m/h，1.3m/h三个不同的初始滤速对辐射流过滤器净水效果、周期内产水量、反冲洗时间，滤层水头损失等性能的影响，结合BFI公式(辐射流过滤器性能评价函数)确定了辐射流过滤器的最佳初始滤速为0.9m/h。结合集贤宾馆后侧山塘水进行混凝烧杯试验确定最佳的混凝剂投加量为4mg/L聚合氯化铝。根据已确定的辐射流过滤器运行参数，针对常温常浊度、低温低浊度、及常温高浊度三种不同的水质，进行装置的连续运行，分析了三种水质下微絮凝直接辐射流过滤和辐射流过滤的净水效果，总结了温度对辐射流过滤器净水效果的影响说明温度越高各个指标的处理效果越高。另外进水浊度对过滤器浊度去除量有一定的影响且两者存在的线性关系。不论是采用微絮凝直接辐射流过滤还是不加药辐射流过滤对浊度、CODMn、氨氮、UV254、藻类的去除效果都较好，表明辐射流过滤器在水厂改造中既可作为整体工艺的前预处理工艺也可放置于沉淀池中减轻后续工艺的负担的论断具有一定的可行性。最后结合超滤，进行(微絮凝)辐射流过滤-超滤组合工艺对微污染水源水进行处理，两组组合工艺的净水效果都较为理想，其中前端加设微絮凝的出水水质指标值更低、更为稳定。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the deterioration of water source quality, the water treatment plants whichtake the traditional procedures can hardly stand this deteriorating situation. To ensurethe stability, safety, and reliability of water quality, appropriate methods are taken toreform the water treatment plants. The water safety has become an urgent issue forpeople and the hot spot among the professions. Facing these problems, this paperfocuses on both the designs and researches of a radiant-flow filter which combines theadvantages of interstitial flow, dugwell and biofilter.The experiment reveales that the recovery of the flow in this radiant-flow filterbenefited more from square screens than mat screens. The air-water combinedbackwash could remove the pollutant adhered to the outer sphere of the screens moreeffectively. The filter media were cleaner after air-water combined backwash processthan water backwash process.At the beginning of the experiment, the film in this radiant-flow filter wasnaturally cultured. The removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and CODMnreached43.0%and49.6%, and then both tend to be stable after17dats. The main reason forshort biofilm culture time is that the filter media were preliminarily acclimated. Thesefactors which influence the biofilm culturing, such as temperature, HRT (hydraulicretention time), raw water quality and etc. were analyzed and the low removalefficiency when the radiant-flow filter worked steadily was due to the thin filtrationlayers and short HRT.The effect of different initial filtration velocities at0.6m/h，0.9m/h，1.3m/hrespectively on such parameters as the purification effect of the radian-flow filter,periodical water yields, backwash time and waterhead loss along the filtration layerswas analyzed and the optimum filtration velocity in the radiant-flow filter is0.9m/haccording to BFI formula. The optimum dosage of coagulant was polymericaluminium of4mg/L by laboratory experiment. According to the determinedradiant-flow filter operating parameters, the device had been operated continuously inthe condition of normal temperature and normal turbidity, low temperature and lowturbidity, normal temperature and high turbidity. The purification effect of both themicro-flocculation direct filtration in the radiant direction and filtration in the radiantdirection on these three water qualities were investigated, which indicated that higher temperature led to the greater removal efficiency of the pollutants. Besides, thereexist a linear relationship between the inflow turbidity and the removal amount of theturbidity in this device. The removal efficiency of turbidity, CODMn, ammonianitrogen and algae was high whether the micro-flocculation process was applied priorto the radiant-low filtration or not. Therefore, the radiant-flow filter is believed canserve as either pretreatment process or be set in the sedimentation tank to alleviate theload in the following procedures.The micro-polluted source water was treated by the joint process ofultrafiltration and (micro-flocculation) radian-flow filtration. Both processes hadgood effect on the water purification and the process prior to whichmicro-flocculation was set was even better.更多还原