【作者】 陈晨；

【导师】 范武邱；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 外国语言文学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 在进行翻译研究时,文学翻译总会被单列开来进行讨论,这主要是由文学这个概念本身的模糊性造成的。俄国形式主义文论认为,文学的本质特征是文学性,即那些使特定作品成为文学作品的东西。作家精心运用的陌生化手法是实现文学性的重要手段之一,因为陌生化的实质在于不断更新人们对人生、事物和世界的陈旧感觉,通过创造性地扭曲并使之面目全非的独特方式,把人们从狭隘的日常生活关系的束缚中解脱出来,摆脱习惯性的程式化的制约,使人们即便面对习以为常的事物也能够不断有新的发现,获得全新的感觉刺激。因此,可以说文学性的顺利实现与艺术形式的陌生化息息相关。陌生化手法对于彰显文学作品的价值尤为重要。在翻译文学作品时,对译者来说,如何看待和处理原作中的陌生化手法在很大程度上决定了译作的成败与否。在翻译界,陌生化理论也得到了高度重视,大体形成了两大倾向：一种是把陌生化手法作为一种翻译原则,因为文学翻译可以视为一种创作,译者可以在发挥其主体性的基础上在译作中创造性地运用陌生化的原则,而并不一定要对原作亦步亦趋；另一种是将原作的陌生化手法当作翻译对象,其研究的重点是译者对这些陌生化手法的处理方法。本文倾向于后者的研究范式。《哈姆雷特》堪称英国文学的瑰宝,具有极高的艺术价值。这部巨著可谓是成功运用陌生化手法的典范之作,从语言、叙事技巧到整个篇章布局无不充斥着陌生化手法。这些陌生化特征也正是《哈姆雷特》永恒的艺术魅力所在,需要在其翻译中得以充分再现。本文从陌生化角度出发,以朱生豪和卞之琳译本为例,试分析了《哈姆雷特》在汉译过程中陌生化手法的再现与遗憾。本文首先综述了陌生化在文学领域和文学领域的研究情况,以及《哈姆雷特》的汉译研究。然后尝试性地定义了文学翻译领域陌生化手法,并讨论了常用的陌生化技巧及其重要意义。接着探讨了哈姆雷特中的陌生化手法以及在汉译中再现原作陌生化手法的必要性和可能性,并试从语音、词汇、句法以及篇章层面来讨论原作陌生化在汉译中的再现情况。最后分析了再现的遗憾,并从不同的英汉语言生成机制、不同的英汉美学意识和不同的译者翻译观探讨了产生这些遗憾的根源。近年来,越来越多的人开始从事《哈姆雷特》汉译研究,但从陌生化角度探讨《哈姆雷特》的汉译研究并不多见,本文作者希望能够抛砖引玉,让译者能够更加重视原作中的陌生化手法,寻求在翻译过程中更好地再现陌生化手法的技巧和策略,而不是简单地将陌生化进行熟悉化处理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Literary translation often distinguishes itself from non-literary translation in translation studies for the fuzzy concept of literature. Russian Formalism claims it is literariness which makes specific works become literary works that serves as the nature of literature. Defamiliarized forms elaborately employed by authors exhibit literariness to a great extent, because the essence of defamiliarization lies in updating our life and the timeworn feeling towards things and the world, freeing people from the narrow daily relationship and stylized restriction, and renewing familiar sight that people are blind to through unique, creative, and twisted ways. Therefore, it is the artistic form of defamiliarization that facilitates the realization of literariness.Defamiliarization is of particular importance to manifest the value of literary works. In literary translation, the quality of translations thus depends on the attitude and translation strategies towards the defamiliarization in the source text. In the translation field, defamiliarization theory has been given high priority, and two study approaches are mainly formed:one observes the defamiliarization as a translation strategy which can be creatively employed by translators in the target text instead of absolute faithfulness to the original text due to the creativeness of literary works; the other regards defamiliarization as the target of translation, focusing on the ways to deal with these familiarized devices. And we cling to the latter.Hamlet, a treasure of English literature, is of great art value. This monumental masterpiece is highly defamiliarized from its language, narrative techniques to the textual layout. These defamiliarization features which need to be fully represented in its translation constitute an immortal artistic charm of Hamlet.The author of this thesis adopts Zhu Shenghao’s version and Bian Zhilin’s version for a comparative study. Defamiliarization is chosen to be the theoretical paradigm to discuss the reproduction and regret of the E-C translation of Hamlet. The thesis first reviews the previous study of defamiliarization in literature, literary translation and Chinese versions of Hamlet. Then it tentatively defines the defamiliarization in the literature field and discusses various defamiliarized techniques and functions of them in literature. Moreover, the necessity and the possibility of reproduction of defamiliarization in literary translation are probed into and the reproduction of defamiliarization in the E-C translation of Hamlet is discussed from the phonetic, lexical, syntactic and textual level. Finally, the regret of the reproduction is talked over and the root of regret is analyzed from the differences in language generative mechanism and aesthetic consciousness between English and Chinese, and translators’ different concept of translation.Enormous research has been carried out on the E-C translation of Hamlet; however, research from the perspective of defamiliarization is scarcely seen. It is hoped that the translators can lay more stress on the defamiliarization in the original text and search for better techniques and strategies to reproduce it instead of simply familiarizing it.更多还原