【作者】 黄伟；

【导师】 梁习锋；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 载运工具运用工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 兰新线是我国重要的铁路干线,沿线经过“百里风区”、“三十里风口”,列车行驶在这些地区时,车窗玻璃经常因风沙作用而受损,严重影响列车运行安全并对旅客生命财产构成威胁,因此研究车窗玻璃破损对列车气动性能的影响具有重要的工程应用价值。本文分别对横风环境下普通旅客列车迎风侧和双侧车窗玻璃破损情况下车辆气动性能进行了数值模拟,揭示了车厢内外流场的变化过程,分析了车厢内压力和车厢气动力的变化过程以及变化原因,研究了车辆气动性能的变化与车窗玻璃破损数量、列车车速和横风风速之间的关系。计算结果表明：(1)迎风侧车窗玻璃破损后,车辆横向力、倾覆力矩先是突然变小,然后迅速增大,经过短暂的波动后跟车窗玻璃未破损时的横向力及倾覆力矩值趋于一致。(2)其它条件一定,车窗玻璃破损瞬间横向力、倾覆力矩的变化幅值随车窗玻璃破损数量及横风风速的增加而增加；列车运行速度对车窗玻璃破损瞬间车辆横向力及倾覆力矩变化幅值的影响不大。(3)迎风侧和背风侧车窗玻璃同时破损时,车辆横向力、倾覆力矩突然变小,而升力急剧增大,车辆倾覆力矩很快趋于稳定,但其稳定值略高于车窗玻璃未破损时的值。(4)迎风侧车窗玻璃破损后,不应再将背风侧的车窗玻璃人为打碎,否则会导致已经稳定的倾覆力矩变大。本文研究结果可以为大风环境下列车安全运行相关技术条件的制定提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway Line is an important railway line and passes through the hundred kilometers gale area and thirty kilometers gale area, where wind combining stones often breaks window glass of trains. Window glass breakage seriously affects safe operation of trains and is a threat to the life and property safety of passengers. So it is valuable to study the effect of window glass breakage on train aerodynamic performance to engineering application.Windward and bilateral window glass breakage was both simulated to unveil characteristics and change of the flow fields inside and outside the train compartment in this paper. The change of pressure inside and aerodynamic force of the compartment were also analysed. And the relationship between the change of aerodynamic performance and vehicle speed, cross wind speed and the number of broken windows was studied.The results show that:(1)the lateral force and overturning moment decrease firstly and then increase suddenly after windward window glass breakage. After short fluctuation they equal the lateral force and overturning moment before breakage.(2)When other conditions are confirmed, increment of transient lateral force and overturning moment increases with the number of broken windows and cross wind speed increasing.(3) The lateral force and overturning moment decrease suddenly and the lift increase sharply however at the moment of breaking. The overturning moment soon reaches a steady value which is slightly bigger than the overturning moment before breaking.(4) Leeward window glass should not be broken artificially after windward window glass breaking, which will make the overturning moment increase. The results in this paper can provide theory basis for formulation of technical conditions for train safe operation in strong wind environment.更多还原