基于模糊PID算法的无刷直流电机调速研究与实现

【作者】 常波；

【导师】 王丛岭；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 电力电子与电力传动， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 无刷直流电机由于其结构简单，出力大，可靠性高等特点，广泛用于工业生产中。在过去的控制方法中，多采用传统的双闭环PID控制，然而由于建立无刷直流电机的数学模型比较复杂，固定参数的PID在控制性能上难以达到令人满意的效果。所以采用其他控制方法提高电机的控制性能，成为当前工程技术人员和学者研究的热点。本文根据传统PID控制中系数对控制特性的影响，采用模糊PID控制方式代替双闭环传统PID的转速环。通过MATLAB/simulink仿真软件建立控制系统的数学模型，重点说明了模糊控制器的制作过程。并通过仿真的结果，证明了模糊PID控制的优良之处。硬件系统采用TI公司最新推出的ARM Cortex-M3系列LM3S8962控制器为控制核心,重点介绍了驱动板的设计细节和需要注意的问题。利用VC++6.0设计了控制界面，方便通过串口对控制系统进行在线调试，并通过采集电机的转速曲线，直观的了解控制性能。首先，论文介绍了无刷直流电机的的发展历程、研究热点和课题研究的主要内容，介绍了课题研究需要的基础理论和技术，即PID控制与模糊控制理论。其次，进行了整体方案设计方法，根据需要设计的部分，详细阐述了模型的搭建与仿真的实际结果。再次，对所搭建的试验平台进行了说明，并对软件部分的算法和逻辑关系加以分析。最后，依据所建立的软硬件试验平台，对所获得的转速曲线进行对比分析。通过实验结果，证明了模糊PID在控制转速方面具有良好的控制性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Brushless DC motor due to its simple structure, large output, high reliability, iswidely used in industrial production. Control method, the use of traditional Doubleclosed loop PID control, but because of the brushless DC motor itself is a stronglycoupled non-linear model, the fixed parameter PID control performance is difficult toachieve satisfactory results. Therefore, other control methods to improve controlperformance become hot spots of the engineering and academics.In this paper, according to the coefficients of traditional PID control to theinfluence of the control characteristic, we use fuzzy PID control mode instead of thetraditional PID double closed loop speed ring and use MATLAB/Simulink simulationsoftware to establish the mathematical model of control system, focus on the productionprocess of a fuzzy controller. And simulation results prove that the fuzzy-PID control ismuch better.In the hardware system, we use TI’s latest ARM Cortex-M3series’ LM3S8962controller as the core, focus on the design details of the driver board and the problemsthat need attention. We use vc++6.0to design control interface, through a serial port forthe control system for online debugging, and through the acquisition motor speed curve,intuitives understanding of the control performance.First, the paper describes the development process of the brushless DC motor, themain contents of the research and the focus of research, introduces the basic theory andtechnology of PID control and fuzzy control theory. Secondly, we design of the overallprogram,and according to the need of design part, detailed descrips of the constructionof the model and simulation of the actual results. Again, we explain the test platformbuilded, and analyze the software of the algorithm and the logical relationship. Finally,in accordance with established hardware and software test platform, we analyz thespeed curve obtained. Though the experimental results, prove that the fuzzy PID has agood control performance in the control of speed.更多还原