【作者】 陈雷；

【导师】 管恩森；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 比较文学与世界文学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 卡森·麦卡勒斯是美国20世纪四十至六十年代的著名女作家,她自幼孱弱多病,30岁时中风偏瘫,伴随她近一生的病痛、残疾对她的心理及写作影响颇大。最突出的是,卡森小说作品表现出“精神隔绝”的主题,关注人们之间的沟通障碍、爱情不可实现。在“精神隔绝”主题的写作之下,她的小说作品中的人物多为残疾人,这一独特现象成为本文写作的关注点。书写残疾,既是书写残疾人物的生理残疾,也是书写人物的精神残缺。本文以残疾人物形象为切入点,分析书写残疾的过程对卡森·麦卡勒斯文学写作及其自身的意义。本文首先着重分析卡森的3部长篇小说和1部中篇小说中的残疾人物,介绍卡森创造的各类残疾人物形象,表现卡森通过他们所要传达的思想。其次分析残疾人物的“残疾”所代表的意义,展现残疾人物对小说作品“精神隔绝”主题的构建。最后分析卡森以残疾人物作为表现对象的缘由,分析书写残疾的过程对于卡森自身的特殊意义。本文主要采用文本细读的方法,细致分析小说人物形象,挖掘附于人物形象创作之上的作者的思想表现,在分析过程中运用了普通心理学、女性主义及存在主义的某些观点。卡森小说作品中的残疾人物,他们的形象有的代表着冷漠社会中救赎的不可实现,有的寻求着自主独立的身份,有的打破了传统的爱情观,有的寻求着生命的意义。卡森通过这些残疾人物的生理残疾表现人类的精神病态和残缺,描绘了当代社会中人们的精神生存处境,也借此寻求和表达着自我的救赎。在卡森的笔下,“残疾”寓意深刻,残疾人物的残疾代表着精神隔绝,而在健全的他者眼中,残疾又体现为成长的恐惧,群体的归属和自我的精神缺失。书写残疾的过程,亦是卡森对自己双性恋身份的确认过程,也体现了卡森对人生意义的思考和对生命的态度。另外,卡森的经验化写作,以及对残疾人物悲剧性的揭示,赋予了残疾人物多样的审美价值。本文的特色是分析残疾人物在文本构建中的意义,将卡森的“精神隔绝”的主题与对残疾人物的表现结合起来,通过对残疾人物的书写表现卡森的生理残疾代表精神残疾的观念,以及书写残疾对卡森自身的意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Carson McCullers was a famous writer of America in the20th century40s and60s, who always suffered diseases since she was a child, and had a stroke at30-year-old. The diseases and disabilities of all her life affected her psychology and writing very much. What’s the most prominent thing is the subject of spiritual isolation expressed in her novels, and the works focused the communication barriers between people, and the love that couldn’t come true. Under the subject of spiritual isolation, most of persons in the novels of Carson McCullers were the disabled. This unique phenomenon becomes the focus of this article.Writing disabilities is to write the spiritual incompleteness, and also is to write the physical disabilities. In this paper, the starting point is the image of persons with disabilities, and the article analyzes what the process of writing disabilities means to literature of Carson McCullers and herself. Firstly, this article analyzes the disabled in the3novels and1novella of Carson, introduces all kinds of persons with disabilities, displays the thoughts of Carson. Secondly, this article analyzes the meaning for which "disabilities" of the disabled stand, and expresses the construction to the subject of spiritual isolation of novels by the disabled. At last, this article analyzes the reasons that Carson regarded the disabled as the objects, and the significance of the process of writing disabilities for Carson herself. This article adopts the method of textual reasoning, and it analyzes the disabled in great detail, mines ideological views attached to the creation of the image of characters. The Pop psychology、the Feminist and the Existentialism are made use in this article.There are many persons with disabilities in novels of Carson, and they all have different meaning. One of them represents the impossibility of redemption in the indifferent society, and someone searching for the independent identity, and someone brokes the traditional notions of love, and someone seeks the meaning of life. By the expression of physical disability, Carson conveyed the psychopathy and incomplete, described the spirit situation of people in contemporary society, and she also seeked and presented the redemption of herself."The disability" means a lot or Carson. The disability of the disabled stand for spiritual isolation, and it embodies the fear of growing up, the ownership of the groups, and the spiritual incompleteness in the eyes of the healthy otherness. The process of writing disabilities is also the one that Carson confirmed her bisexual identity, on the other hand, it reflects Carson’ thinking and attitude to life. The writing according to experience, and the characterization of tragical figures endue disabilities with a variety of aesthetic value.This article features that it analyzes the meaning of persons with disabilities in the textual construction, and combines the subject of spiritual isolation with the expression of the disabled. This article conveys Carson whose concept is that the physical disability stands for the spiritual disability by writing the disabled, and behaves the meaning of that process to Carson herself.更多还原