【作者】 张冰；

【导师】 周长军；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 法律， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 中国正处于社会转型时期,诱发精神疾病的因素不断增多,导致中国成为精神病的高发病率国家。“中国疾病控中心精神卫生中心在2009年公布的数据显示我国各类精神疾病患者人数在1亿人以上,其中重性精神病患者超过1600万,70%得不到治疗。”①伴随而来的是精神病人实施的严重危害的案件比率不断增高而且案件性质越来越恶劣,对社会造成了严重的危害,对人民的生命财产造成了严重的威胁。我国刑法规定精神病人在无刑事责任能力的情况下实施的严重社会危害性的行为不负刑事责任,体现了对精神病人人权的保护。但是单单的一句不负刑事责任的笼统规定不能满足司法实践中对疑似精神病人犯罪的案件的处理,由此导致了诸多问题的出现。这些问题不仅关系着司法公正和精神病人人权的保护,同时也关系着国家、社会、公民合法权益的保护。刑法第18条规定：“精神病人在不能辨认或者不能控制自己行为的时候造成危害结果,经法定程序鉴定确认的,不负刑事责任,但是应当责令他的家属或者监护人严加看管和医疗；在必要的时候,由政府强制医疗。间歇性的精神病人在精神正常的时候犯罪,应当负刑事责任。尚未完全丧失辨认或者控制自己行为能力的精神病人犯罪的,应当负刑事责任,但是可以从轻或者减轻处罚。”本论文将以刑法第18条为主线对精神病人实施的刑事案件在司法实践中存在的问题进行分析,探求如何完善对精神病人的刑事责任能力判定制度。笔者在第一章将以刑法中的“精神病”和“不能辨认和控制自己行为”作为分析对象,确定精神病人在刑法上的定义和范围,以及精神病人的刑事责任能力。第二章,将对精神病人刑事责任能力的判定现状进行讨论,根据司法实践中对涉及刑事案件的精神病行为人的处理现状以及相应数据,确定涉案精神病人的刑事责任能力判定的各种问题并对这些问题出现的原因进行分析,并以此引出下面几章的讨论。笔者将在第三章中以刑法中规定的“法定程序鉴定”为切入点对精神病人刑事责任能力判定的司法程序进行分析,进而研究如何确定精神病人的刑事责任能力。接下来的章节中,笔者将对精神病人的处置和精神病人所实施的危害案件的被害人救助等问题进行研究,并提出建议以制定配套措施帮助解决精神病人刑事责任能力判定的司法实践中所出现的相关问题。笔者希望对本论题的研究可以促进司法机关科学、合法的对精神病人的刑事责任能力进行判定。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since China is in a period of social transition, factors that cause mental illness are boosting constantly, which in turn makes China a country with high morbidity of mental disease. The statistics publicized by the Mental Health Center of Chinese Centers for Disease Control in2009show that there are over100million patients with various mental diseases, among whom holergasia patients are more than16million and70%of them have no access to therapy. Then it comes with the fact that increasingly high percent of crimes are committed by mental patients with more and more serious nature, which severely endangers the society and threatens people’s life and property.The provision of Criminal Law that the mental patient bears no criminal responsibility for his the serious crimes under the circumstance that he has no capacity of criminal liability embodies the protection of mental patients’ human rights. However, the sole general provision of no criminal liability is unable to satisfy the suspected mental patient cases handling in practice, and a lot of problems emerge thereafter. These problems are not only related to judicial impartiality and protection of those mental patients’ humane rights but related to the protection of the lawful rights of the nation, society and citizen.Article18of Criminal Law provides:if a mental patient causes harmful consequences at a time when he is unable to recognize or control his own conduct, upon verification and confirmation through legal procedure, he shall not bear criminal responsibility, his family members or guardian shall be ordered to keep him under strict watch and control and arrange for his medical treatment. When necessary, the government may compel him to receive medical treatment. Any person whose mental illness is of an intermittent nature shall bear criminal responsibility if he commits a crime when he is in a normal mental state. If a mental patient who has not completely lost the ability of recognizing or controlling his own conduct commits a crime, he shall bear criminal responsibility; however, he may be given a lighter or mitigated punishment. Mainly based on article18of Criminal Law, this thesis analyses the problems in judicial practice of the crimes committed by mental patients so as to seek a way to perfect the mental patients’criminal liability judgment system.In chapter1, I will analyse "mental illness" and "unable to recognize or control his own conduct" in order to ascertain the definition and scope of mental patients in criminal law and the mental patients’ capacity of criminal liability. In chapter2, I’m going to discuss the status quo of mental patients’ capacity of criminal liability judgment. According to the current situation handling mental patient actors in criminal cases and relevant statistics, I will figure out various problems in capacity of criminal liability judgment of involved mental patients and analyse the reasons to draw forth the following chapters. I will start in chapter3with "verification through legal procedure" to make analysis for the judicial procedure of mental patients’ capacity of criminal liability judgment and then proceed to research the question "how to define mental patients’capacity of criminal liability ". In the following chapters, I will conduct a research on the issues how to deal with the mental patients and victim relief in these circumstances and at last there comes some suggestions establishing supporting measures to help solve the problems concerning mental patients criminal judgment in judicial practice. I hope research in this thesis could facilitate the judicial authority to make scientific and lawful judgment on mental patients’ capacity of criminal liability.更多还原