【作者】 赵昕；

【导师】 谢永珍；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 工商管理， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 新世纪以来,我国汽车工业迅猛发展,备受世界瞩目。汽车零配件作为汽车产业的重要组成部分,理应紧跟整车市场发展步伐,逐步规范,做大做强。但实际情况并非如此,汽车零配件流通企业的整体形象被冠以“散、乱、差”的标签,发展速度已经受到严重限制。只有通过对该行业商业模式进行认真严谨的分析研究,找出关键问题,并提供有效解决方案,才能促进其健康发展,为社会经济发展发挥更大作用。本文正是基于我国汽车零配件流通企业的真实现状,采用规范分析与案例分析相结合的研究方法,从商业模式和企业管理相关基本理论阐述入手,以我国汽车零配件流通企业为研究对象,深入剖析该行业的发展背景、历程及现状,提出目前我国汽车零配件流通企业以产品体系为划分标准主要分为四种商业模式：(1)全车件批发模式；(2)易损件连锁经营服务终端模式；(3)专项产品批发模式；(4)专项产品特殊渠道模式。通过对各种商业模式的利弊分析,找出该行业普遍存在的发展障碍,并分析其对整个行业发展造成的影响,总结出存在的主要问题有：(1)经营思路滞后,缺乏品牌意识；(2)数据分析功能不完善,财务管理功能薄弱；(3)人才培养不畅,优秀员工流失率较高；(4)对改变现状无处入手,对未来发展感到迷茫；(5)没有长远发展规划。这些问题已经严重影响企业的持续发展。然后从四种商业模式中选择具有普遍代表性,商业模式在同类企业中较为典型的两家知名公司,分别是易损件连锁经营服务终端模式的MNM公司和专项产品批发模式的GMY公司作为具体案例,进行深入分析研究,对这两家公司发展过程中取得的业绩和遇到的困难,以及他们如何通过管理思路的创新和商业模式的优化解决问题,实现健康持续发展进行了详尽的分析和总结。通过对汽车零配件流通企业的商业模式和典型案例的分析,总结出在企业的发展过程中,准确、科学、合理改善企业内部管理的关键要素,对现有的商业模式进行创新和优化,是打破发展瓶颈的重要方法。这些关键要素分别是经营思路、管理信息系统、企业文化、人力资源管理、组织变革、财务管理和中长期发展战略,这些关键要素的有机结合和综合运用将使优化后的汽车零配件流通企业具备五个特点：(1)加强企业文化建设；(2)建立和谐的利益相关者关系；(3)以品牌战略为企业的基本发展方向；(4)建立与企业战略目标保持一致的人力资源规划体系；(5)加强企业内部控制。这些关键要素和优化模式特点的分析和描述,便于需要的同行企业借鉴、运用并促进发展。本文的主要研究发现在于对我国汽车零配件流通企业的发展瓶颈问题的解决方案,并非进一步抓供销存等基本要素,而是根据企业不同发展阶段有效运用内部管理支撑要素,优化现有的商业模式,使之更符合行业发展趋势才是最佳途径。这个研究成果已应用于几家公司初见成效,此前几乎未有学者或专家对该行业进行此类分析,因此本文也许会对行业发展起到一定促进作用。本文的不足之处是对于研究结论的具体应用没有给出指导方案,并且行业状况复杂,分析不够透彻,希望其他学者进一步研究获得更有意义的成果。更多还原

【Abstract】 China’s automobile industry has developed rapidly since new century and gets focus attention in international market. As an important part of the automobile industry, however, auto spare parts should keep up with the step of vehicle market development, being gradually standard, bigger and stronger. However, such has not been the case, the overall image of auto spare parts distribution enterprise is labeled as "scattered, disorderly and poor", the speed of development have severely curtailed. Only by doing research on this industry business model earnestly, find out the key problem, and provide effective solutions, can the auto spare parts get the healthy development and play a bigger role in the social economic development.Based on the real situation of China auto spare parts distribution enterprises, using the combination of canonical parse and case analysis research method, starting with related basic theory of a business model and enterprise management, taking the auto spare parts distribution enterprises as the research object, this paper explores the background, course and present situation of auto spare parts industry, proposed four business model based on product system as division standard:(1) the vehicle assembly wholesale mode;(2) wearing parts chain management service terminal mode;(3) special products wholesale mode;(4) special product special channel mode. Through analyzing the pros and cons of various business model, we can find out the common barriers of industry development, analyzes the impact on the whole development of industry and summarizes the main problems:(1) a business idea lags behind, lack of brand consciousness;(2) data analysis function is not sound, the weakness of financial management function;(3) personnel training not freely, higher excellent employee churn;(4) be at a loss what to do to change the current status, be confused by the future development;(5) no long term development plan. These issues have been seriously affected the enterprise’s sustainable development. And then from four commercial mode, this paper chooses two well-known company whose business model has general representative and is typical in this kind of enterprises, taking MNM company, using wearing parts chain operation service terminals mode and GMY company, using special products wholesale as a model of the specific case, does a deep research and analysis on performance and obtained difficulties of the two companies in the process of the development, and how they solve the problem through the management innovation and business model optimization to realize the sustainable development. This paper makes a detailed analysis and summary.Through analysis on the auto spare parts distribution enterprise business model and the typical cases, it summed up that we should improve the key elements of the enterprise internal management accurately, scientifically and reasonably, realize the current business model innovation and optimization in the development of the enterprise, that is a important method to break the development bottleneck. These key elements are: business idea management information system, enterprise culture, human resource management, organizational change, financial management and middle or long-term development strategy, the organic combination and comprehensive use of these key elements will make the optimized auto spare parts distribution enterprises have five characteristics:(1) to strengthen enterprise culture construction;(2) to establish the harmonious stakeholder relations;(3) to take brand strategy as the basic direction of enterprise development;(4) to establish human resource planning system in accordance with strategic objective of company;(5) reinforcing the enterprise internal control. The analysis and description of the characteristics of the key elements and the optimization model facilitate peer enterprises to use and promote the development.The main research of this paper is that the solutions to bottleneck problems which auto spare parts distribution enterprises face in the development, not further grasp basic elements such as supply and marketing deposit, but effectively make use of the internal management support elements according to the different development phase, optimization of the existing business model, making it more in line with the development of the industry trend, that is the best way. The research result has been applied to several companies with produced results, which had been almost no scholars or experts do such analysis on these sectors, this article may play a role in promoting the development of the industry. This paper’s deficiency is not giving guide schemes for the specific application of research conclusion, and industry status is complex, not doing enough clear analysis, hope other scholars do further research and get more meaningful results.更多还原