【作者】 李亚洲；

【导师】 唐任远； 朱常青；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 电机与电器， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 永磁同步电机的电抗参数是其电机设计中的重要参数之一,电抗参数计算和测试的准确与否关系到电机的运行性能。永磁同步电机的转子磁路结构多种多样,与普通电励磁同步电机转子磁路结构差别较大,出现了交叉饱和的现象,导致其电抗参数的准确计算和测试较为困难。鉴于此本文对永磁同步电机的电抗参数计算方法、测试方法以及影响电抗参数的因素进行研究,具体工作分为如下几个部分。(1)综述了永磁同步电机电抗参数的计算方法,总结了已有方法优缺点,得出对不考虑交叉饱和利用等效交直轴法计算电抗参数是比较准确的,在等效直轴状态和等效交轴状态下可以方便计算出不考虑交叉饱和的直轴电枢反应电抗和交轴电枢反应电抗。永磁同步电机定转子交直轴存在共磁路,不能完全解耦,计算过程中需要考虑交叉饱和对电抗参数的影响,在阅读相关文献的基础上总结了一种保存磁导率法来计算考虑交叉饱和时的电抗参数,在论文中进行了详细介绍。利用等效交直轴法和保存磁导率法借助有限元软件对多台表面式和内置式永磁同步电机的交直轴电抗参数进行了计算,将计算结果汇总分析。(2)对永磁电机电抗参数的测试方法进行了研究。运用伏安法和电压积分法对永磁同步电机进行试验。由于伏安法对表面式效果较好,对于表面式电机采用伏安法进行测试,但伏安法对内置式测试效果不理想,所以对内置式电机采用电压积分法进行测试。通过改变电压积分法的接线方式,利用特定仪器可以测试考虑交叉饱和的电抗参数。计算值和测试值的误差在10%之内,验证了计算方法与测试方法的正确性。(3)通过对多台永磁同步电机电抗参数的计算,分析了影响交直轴电抗参数的关键因素,总结了考虑交叉饱和时交直轴电抗参数随磁路交叉饱和程度、不同转子结构、气隙长度、隔磁桥尺寸以及磁化方向长度等的变化规律。得到了永磁同步电机电机凸极率的变化范围并总结了不同结构电机凸极率随气隙长度、磁化方向长度的变化规律。更多还原

【Abstract】 Reactance parameter of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is one of the key parameters in motor design, whose accuracy of calculation and testing related to the performances of the motor. As the magnetic circuit structure of rotor in PMSM is various and has great difference with ordinary synchronous motor, the accurate calculation and testing of motor’s reactance parameters are difficult. In view of this situation, this paper studied the calculation and test method of reactance parameters for PMSM. Specific work can be divided to the following parts:Firstly, the existing calculation methods for reactance parameter of PMSM are summarized and studied. Without considering that the quadrature and direct axis of.stator and rotor in PMSM, the equivalent d-axis state and the equivalent q-axis state method can be used to calculate the reactance parameter. Considering that the quadrature and direct axis of stator and rotor in PMSM have common magnetic circuit which cannot completely decouple, the influence of cross saturation on reactance parameter should be considered in calculation process. This paper provided one calculation method of reactance parameter that taking cross saturation into account--permeability frozen method. Calculations of quadrature and direct axis reactance parameters for many sets of surface-mounted and interior PMSMs are carried out using the method. Plenty magnetomotive space harmonic emerged in PMSM.Secondary, the testing method for reactance parameter of permanent magnet motor is studied. Experiments are carried out using volt-ampere method and voltage integral method on many sets of motors. Through the comparative analysis of calculation and test results, the testing method suits for Surface-mounted PMSMs can be tested by volt-ampere method. Interior PMSMs can be tested by voltage integral method. In order to consider that the quadrature and direct axis of stator and rotor in PMSM, We can change the special wiring. With the error between the calculation value and test result less than10percentages, the calculation method is valid.In the end, through the calculation of reactance parameter for many sets of PMSMs, the key factors that influence the quadrature and direct axis reactance parameters are analyzed. With the cross saturation taking into account, the variation rule of the quadrature and direct axis reactance parameters with various rotor structure, airgap length, magnetic bridge size, slot open width and magnetization length are summed. Variation range of saliency ratio is given. And the variation rule of saliency ratio changing with air gap and magnetization length is summed.更多还原