【作者】 彭娟；

【导师】 贺福凌；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 在方言中,经常有一些词我们知道它们的读音和意义,却不知道该怎样书写,这就是我们现在所要讨论的本字。“本字”历来是方言研究中的重要内容,正确的考证本字能帮助我们重新建立起古代汉语与现代汉语之间的联系,理清现代汉语方言的发生发展规律,从而更好的研究汉语方言。从本质上说,考本字就是对汉语方言最初书写形式的追索。自章太炎《新方言》始,本字研究开始有了长足的发展,同时期更有黄侃的《蕲春语》。发展到现代,李荣前辈为本字考做出了重大贡献,后来学者如李如龙等更是循着他的脚步在考证本字的理论和实践上跨出了一大步。就湘方言来说,早期杨树达便发表了《长沙方言考》、《长沙方言续考》两文,运用早期考本字方法考证出了一批本字,且大部分为人们接受。发展到现代,彭逢澍的《湘方言考释》共考出本字360余条,20世纪末到21世纪初出版的湘方言研究系列丛书中也考出部分本字,还有一些本字考证的文献散见于《方言》、《古汉语研究》等杂志中。本文拟从学术史和本字汇纂两个角度,概括方言本字考的理论,梳理本字考理论的源流与发展阶段,明确本字考的局限与制约因素,寻找本字考订的手段和普遍规律。并在理论的指导下,对湘语区本字考求的成果进行穷尽性的搜集,以期促进湘语区方言本字考求以及湘方言研究工作的发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the New Dialect of zhang taiyan, the original words is becoming the focal point and the difficulty of the dialect workers. The research on the original words is a histric contrast between the modern dialect and the archaic language. The meaning of the words pursing is not to prove the words of the modern dialect all have sources, but to distinguish the phonological level of the dialect, and explore the dialect grammar history. At present, the theory of original words research has matured. Zhang taiyan had put forward the six regulations in his work "the new dialect". The means of pursing original words are becoming more and more recently. There’re many papers for interpreting the modern methods such as "the sound and pain of pursing words" and "the example of word in wu" by Li rong、"the two methods of original words research" by Mei zuling、"the phonological argumentation of the words pursing" by Li rulong. Since "the research on changsha dialect" and "the continuation of the research on changsha dialect" by Yang shuda, the original words research on Xiang dialect has gotten a slow progress. A great part of the characters can be seen in the homophones of the pronunciation reseach."The qiyang dialect reseach" by Li weiqi had found out more than170words."The reseach on Xiang dialect" by Peng fengshu had collected more than350words. This article means to generalize the theory of original words research, carding the theoretical origin and stage, and finger out the limitations and constraints of the original words research. Only on this way that we can find out the methods and common law of original words research. Then we can not only making an exhaustive collection of the xiang words reseach by the guidance of theory, but promoting the words survey of Xiang dialect.更多还原