【作者】 张立；

【导师】 姚宽一；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 工程经济与管理， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 建设资源节约型社会，是中央根据我国的社会、经济发展状况，在对国内外政治经济和社会发展历史进行深入研究之后做出的战略决策，是为中国今后的社会发展模式提出的科学规划。节约能源是资源节约型社会的重要组成部分，建筑的运行能耗大约为全社会商品用能的三分之一。通过研究发现在建筑中的大型公共建筑能耗较高，并且蕴含着巨大的节能潜力，因而，大型公共建筑节能领域的研究成为了节能减排工作顺利实施的关键。不同于“嫦娥探月”或三峡工程这样的单项重大工程，建筑节能是一项涉及全社会方方面面，与工程技术、文化理念、生活方式、社会公平等多方面问题密切相关的全社会行动。如何有效开展大型公共建筑的节能工作是国内外建筑节能领域的专家学者们多年来一直探索的目标，并且研究重点已经从建筑节能设计和节能技术逐渐转向了运行管理节能。从理论和实践上看，大型公共建筑节能管理是实现建筑节能的重要手段。本文以大型公共建筑节能管理为研究对象，通过对国内外大型公共建筑节能管理状况的深入研究，建立了一套适合中国特色的大型公共建筑全生命周期节能管理模式，并针对西安市大型公共建筑节能管理问题，对这套模式在西安的实施提出了建议。本文的研究成果和结论主要有以下几个方面：通过对欧美等发达国家大型公共建筑节能管理的研究发现，由于他们在建筑节能领域开展工作较早，已经形成了较为完整的大型公共建筑节能管理体系。这一管理体系在大型公共建筑节能管理中发挥了重要的作用，取得了较好的效果。由于发达国家的市场较为成熟，国外主要是针对节能效果进行管理，但在大型公共建筑节能运行的监管制度上还存在着缺陷。通过对我国大型公共建筑节能管理现状调查发现，由于我国建筑节能市场不够健全，制度层次上还有很多不足之处。目前主要从微观层面上对大型公共建筑节能进行管理。虽然在这方面也取得了一些成果，并有一些值得推广的经验，但在实际成活生产中存在着大型公建节能管理的各个参与者节能意识淡薄、不清楚建筑能耗现状、缺少高质量的人才、运营管理水平低等问题。基于前文大量的文献研究，借鉴了欧美等发达国家大型公共建筑节能管理的先进经验，并针对其存在的节能运行监管相关制度方面的缺陷，通过对我国大型公共建筑节能管理现状的调查研究，在剖析大型公共建筑不节能的症结基础上，本人设计了大型公共建筑全生命周期节能管理模式。通过大型公共建筑全生命周期节能管理模式的研究和西安市大型公共建筑节能管理存在的诸如“强制性措施不健全、引导手段不完善、配套性措施缺失、社会节能意识薄弱”等问题的考量，本人对西安市大型公共建筑全生命周期节能管理模式具体实施细则进行了探索，用以推动西安市大型公共建筑的节能工作顺利开展。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to China’s social and economic development and to make in-depthstudy on the domestic and international political, economic and social developmenthistory,building a resource-saving society is strategic decision and scientific planningfor the future model of social development in China. Energy conservation is animportant part of the resource-saving society, the building energy consumption ofabout one-third of the energy for the whole society goods, and is the largest energysaving potential areas of energy use, especially in large public buildings has becomeour country achieve energy an important breakthrough in one of the emission reductiontargets.Unlike the "Chang’e lunar exploration or the Three Gorges Project, the singlemajor project, building energy efficiency is a broad range of issues involving allaspects of society as a whole, and engineering, culture, philosophy, lifestyle, socialequity is closely related to social action. How to effectively carry out large-scale publicbuilding energy conservation is the goal of researchers in the field of building energyefficiency at home and abroad has been to explore and research focus has been togradually shift from building energy efficiency design and energy saving technology ofthe operation and management of energy-saving. From the theoretical and practicalpoint of view, the large-scale public building energy management is an importantmeans of building skills.Large-scale public building energy management, domestic and foreign large-scalepublic building energy management, macro and micro levels, the establishment of thefull life cycle energy management mode of a set of large public buildings, and largepublic buildings for Xi’an energy management issues, made recommendations for theimplementation of the set of model in Xi’an. The findings and conclusions of this paper are mainly the following aspects:Through the study of large-scale public building energy management in Europeand the United States and other developed countries in the field of building energyefficiency work earlier, formed a relatively complete large-scale public building energymanagement system at the macro level. This management system has played animportant role in the management of large-scale public building energy efficiency, andachieved good results. More mature markets of developed countries, the majoroverseas for energy-saving effect of management, but there are still shortcomings inthe running of large-scale public building energy efficiency supervision system.Survey found that China’s large-scale public building energy management statusof building energy efficiency market is not perfect, the system level, there are manyinadequacies. Mainly from the micro-level large-scale public building energymanagement. Although it achieved some success stories, but in practice the existenceof weak large-scale public building energy efficiency management stakeholdersawareness of energy conservation, it is not clear the current situation of buildingenergy consumption, the lack of high quality talent, low level of operationalmanagement problems.Based on the foregoing literature, learn from the advanced experience of Europeand the United States and other developed countries, large-scale public building energymanagement, and supervision of energy-saving operation system deficiencies, thesurvey of the status quo of China’s large-scale public building energy management, inthe crux of the problem based on the analysis of large public buildings are notenergy-efficient, I designed a full life cycle energy management model for large publicbuildings.Through the full life cycle energy-saving mode of large public buildings and Xi’anlarge-scale public building energy management such as "coercive measures is notperfect, and guide means imperfect lack of supporting measures, the social awarenessof energy conservation is weak" considerations, large public buildings in Xi’an, the fulllife cycle energy management model specific implementation details by the line ofexploration, large public buildings in Xi’an for the promotion of energy-saving worksmoothly.更多还原