【作者】 潘雄；

【导师】 童明波；

【作者基本信息】 南京航空航天大学 ， 飞行器设计， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着航空器低空高速性能的发展，鸟撞问题越来越引起人们的关注，这是由于鸟撞事故往往带来的是灾难性的，对航空安全造成了极大的威胁，因此鸟撞问题成为飞机设计中必须重点考虑的内容，国内外学者对此做了大量的研究。大型民用飞机的发展带动了飞机材料的发展，一种混杂复合材料—纤维金属层板(FMLs)在飞机结构中得到了使用，其结合了金属和复材两者的优点，具有比金属更轻质、更好的冲击/疲劳特性、更好的抗腐蚀性能，成为了未来民机材料发展的趋势之一。近些年，对于其力学性能国内学者已经做了一些研究，但其鸟撞性能却缺乏研究。因此，对纤维金属层板材料的鸟撞性能进行分析研究显得尤为必要。本文总结了多年来鸟撞事故以及飞机结构上纤维金属层板使用的概括，归纳鸟撞问题的主要研究方法以及设计规范准则，鸟撞问题的研究主要分为试验研究和数值仿真分析。由于鸟体在高速撞击时呈现流体特性，是典型的流固耦合问题，故本文选择了SPH法来对鸟体进行模拟。在总结归纳了SPH方法相关理论之后，本文建立了鸟撞钢板的分析模型，分析结果与试验很好的吻合，说明了本文研究方法的正确性。在此基础上，本文建立了FMLs的渐进损伤模型，通过分析可以知道其抗鸟撞性能要比金属好。同时本文也对影响FMLs抗鸟撞性能的一些因素进行了分析，如不同的铺层形式、不同金属层材料以及不同的金属层厚度等，得到了一些结论。最后本文对FMLs材料的应用进行了初步的探索，对蒙皮采用FMLs材料的典型飞机前缘结构进行了鸟撞分析，得到了其结构的吸能特性。通过本文的工作，可以为今后的工程试验提供一定的借鉴和参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of high-speed performance at low altitude for the aircraft, bird strike hasattracted more and more attention. The accidents acused by bird strike are offen disastrous, whichbecome a great threat to the aviation safety. So the bird strike has become one of the key issues in theaircraft design process, and has been studied by lots of researches. The development of large civilairplane leads to the development of aviation materials.For example， a hybrid compositematerial-fiber metal laminates (FMLs) which combine the feature of metal and composite materialshas been used in the aircraft structures, This material is lighter than metal and it possess betterimpact/fatigue and corrosion resistance properties. Boeing and Airbus have already done a lot ofresearches on FMLs. However，few researches have been done on FMLs in China, especially the birdstrike problem. On this background, the bird strike analysis of the fiber metal laminates material isparticularly necessary.This bird strike accidents and application of composite materials such as fiber metal laminates onthe aircraft structure have been summarized. And it also takes a list of the main methods of bird strikereearch, which includes experimental study and numerical simulation. Sincethe body of birds presentin the fluid properties at high-speed impact and it is a typical fluid-structure interaction problem.，asmoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method has been choosen.After the summarize of SPH theory, a analysis model of bird impact on steel plate has beenestablished, and the results are in good agreement with experiment. On this basis, the paper hasestablished the progressive damage model of FMLs. By analyzing the anti-bird strike performance ofthis model, we can get the conclusion that FMLs is better than metal on bird strike. At the same time,some factors which affect the anti-bird strike performance of FMLs have been analyzed, such asdifferent layups, different matel materials and different metal layer thickness.Finally, a preliminary exploration on the application of the FMLs.has been done. A bird strikeannlysis has been taken for a typical aricraft leading edge sructure, and the material of the skin isFMLs.Through this work, it will provide a reference for the future tests.更多还原