【作者】 王晓燕；

【导师】 崔斌；

【作者基本信息】 新疆师范大学 ， 音乐学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 托布秀尔，亦称“托布舒尔”，是新疆卫拉特蒙古族独具特色且具有代表性的弦鸣类弹拨乐器，素有“蒙古族音乐活化石”之称。主要流传于新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州、博尔塔拉蒙古自治州及和布克赛尔蒙古自治县。它是我国北方游牧民族木质短颈拨弦乐器的后裔，并以其独有的魅力承载着卫拉特蒙古族的历史和文化内涵。在新疆卫拉特蒙古族音乐文化中扮演着重要的角色，具有重要的意义。博湖县是一个多民族聚居的县，保留了一大批历史悠久且具有文化价值的原生态民族民间艺术，由于该地区流传的托布秀尔具有代表性，因此博湖县托布秀尔于2007年被列入自治区非物质文化遗产名录，并批准在博湖县建立新疆蒙古族非物质文化遗产保护传承中心。本文以托布秀尔的共生地博湖县的历史文化为背景，传承脉络为线索。综合运用民族音乐学、人类学、乐器学等学科的理论和研究方法，结合实地田野调查获得的资料，对新疆蒙古族传统节日和聚会上不可或缺的重要乐器托布秀尔的名称、历史、形制、制作、改良、实地场合应用、生存现状和传承方式做客观、细致的调查研究。全文分为五个部分，主要内容如下：第一部分绪论，提出本文的研究缘起、现状、方法、目的及意义。第二部分主要从地理人口、自然环境、族缘历史沿革、生产方式、语言文字、宗教信仰等方面，概述了博湖县托布秀尔生存的历史文化背景。第三部分主要从托布秀尔的名称辨析及历史渊源、博湖县托布秀尔的研究（形制、制作、改良、演奏方法与技巧）、博湖县托布秀尔音乐的研究（表演形式和演奏曲目、演奏乐曲的特点、实地场合应用调查分析）等方面对博湖县托布秀尔进行叙述和研究。第四部分主要从博湖县托布秀尔传承方式、传承特点及托布秀尔得以传承的原因等三个方面阐述了博湖县托布秀尔的传承现状。第五部分主要从博湖县托布秀尔所处自然环境、传承人、教育传承、口传心授传承特点及丰富的旅游资源促进民俗发展等五个方面对博湖县托布秀尔的传承引发思考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tuobuxiuer, also known as Tuobushuer,is a unique and representative pluckedstring instrument of Mongol Oirad of Xingjiang, dubbed as Mongolian Music LivingFossil.It mainly spreads among Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture,Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture and Hoboksar Mongol AutonomousCount.As the descendent of China northern nomadic nationalities’ wooden pluckedstring instruments characterized by its short neck, it embodies the history andcultural connotation of Mongol Oirad with its distinctive appeal. It is of greatimportance,playing a important role in Mongol Oirad music.Bohu County is a multi-ethnic place, boasting numerous ethnic fork arts. BohuCounty music became intangible cultural heritage of Xinjiang Autonomous Regionin2007, therefore the Xinjiang Mongol Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection andInheritance Center was approved to be built in Bohu County.Against the backdrop of Bohu’s history and culture, this article follows theevolvement of Tuobuxiuer’s inheritance. The objective and thorough investigationand research is conducted on Tuobuxiuer’s making, application in reality, currentsituation and inheritance method in a integrated perspective ofethnomusicology,anthropology and organology on the basis of fieldwork.The text is divided into five following parts:Part I introduces the origin, existing status, method and purpose of the research.Part II makes an outline of the cultural background and history of Tuobuxiuer inperspectives of geography, population, natural environment, mode of production,language and religion etc. and origin of Mongol nationality and history of BohuCounty.Part III describes the origin and history of Tuobuxiuer’s name, Bohu County’sresearch about the shape, making,improvement and playing method and techniquesof Tuobuxiuer.Part IV introduces the inheritance of Tuobuxiuer including the way, featuresand reasons of inheritance.Part V is the reflections about Bohu County natural environment andTuobuxiuer’s successors, traditional oral training and modern teaching and howtourism improve the folk culture’s development.更多还原