【作者】 张艳；

【导师】 叶克难；

【作者基本信息】 中山大学 ， 生物技术， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 灵芝孢子粉是灵芝的生殖细胞，具有灵芝的全部遗传活性物质，主要有效成分为多糖类、三萜类、肽类，还富含多种氨基酸、寡糖、脂肪酸以及微量元素。人工虫草有着与天然冬虫夏草相似的药理成分，主要有效成分为腺苷、尿苷、尿嘌呤、鸟苷、甘露醇、麦角甾醇、多糖、氨基酸、微量元素、及维生素B1、B2等。大豆异黄酮则是一种天然存在植物性雌激素，从豆科植物中分离提取出来，具有多种生理活性。本文从组方的角度，目的是探讨灵芝孢子粉虫草组方和灵芝孢子粉大豆异黄酮组方对增强正常小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法：按照卫生部《保健食品功能学评价程序和检验方法规范》的基本要求，采用成年昆明雌性小鼠，随机分为：正常对照组、低剂量组（75mg/kg·bw）、中剂量组（150mg/kg·bw）和高剂量组（450mg/kg·bw）。于实验第28天处死动物，进行脾淋巴细胞转化能力试验、DNFB诱导小鼠迟发型变态反应、血清溶血素测定、小鼠碳廓清实验、小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞实验以及脏器∕体重比值试验，检测各项指标。结果：（1）低剂量灵芝孢子粉虫草组方对正常小鼠的免疫器官指数、脾淋巴细胞增殖能力、血清溶血素生成水平无明显的影响，但对小鼠迟发型变态反应、巨噬细胞碳廓清能力及巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞能力有显著影响。低剂量灵芝孢子粉大豆异黄酮组方对正常小鼠的免疫器官指数、小鼠迟发型变态反应、脾淋巴细胞增殖能力、血清溶血素生成水平无明显的影响，但对巨噬细胞碳廓清能力及小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞能力有显著影响。（2）中剂量灵芝孢子粉虫草组方对正常小鼠的免疫器官指数、脾淋巴细胞增殖能力、血清溶血素生成水平无明显的影响，但对小鼠迟发型变态反应、巨噬细胞碳廓清能力及巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞能力有显著影响。中剂量灵芝孢子粉大豆异黄酮组方对正常小鼠的免疫器官指数、血清溶血素生成水平无明显的影响，但对小鼠迟发型变态反应、脾淋巴细胞增殖能力、巨噬细胞碳廓清能力及巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞能力有显著影响。（3）高剂量灵芝孢子粉虫草组方对正常小鼠迟发型变态反应、血清溶血素生成水平、巨噬细胞碳廓清能力及巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞能力无明显的影响，但对免疫器官指数、脾淋巴细胞增殖能力有显著影响。高剂量灵芝孢子粉大豆异黄酮组方对正常小鼠的免疫器官指数、小鼠迟发型变态反应、脾淋巴细胞增殖能力、血清溶血素生成水平、巨噬细胞碳廓清能力及巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞能力均无明显的影响。结论：适宜剂量的灵芝孢子粉虫草组方和灵芝孢子粉大豆异黄酮组方对机体的非特异性免疫、特异性免疫功能均有增强作用，可增强机体抵御外界有害因素的能力。本实验结果可为灵芝孢子粉、人工虫草和大豆异黄酮在保健食品和医药领域的应用提供科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ganoderma lucidum spore is the germ cell of Ganoderma lucidum with allgenetic active materials. The main effective components include polysaccharides,triterpene and peptide, also are rich in amino acids, sugar, fatty acid and traceelements. Artificial cordyceps and natural cordyceps has similar pharmacologicalcomposition, the main effective components include adenosine, urine glucoside, urinepurine, birds glucoside, mannitol, ergosterol sterol, polysaccharide, amino acids, traceelements, and vitamin B1, B2, etc. Soybean isoflavone is a kind of natural existentphytoestrogens, extracted from the legumes, has a variety of physical activity.Objective: To explore the enhanced immune function on mice of ganodermalucidum cordyceps prescription and ganoderma lucidum soyisoflavone prescriptionfrom the point of view of the complex. Methods: According to “Evaluating Rules andTest Methodology of The Function of foods of Health Care” and“Pharmacologicalexperimental Methodology”, female K Mmouse was used in this study, divided intofour groups at random: test group fed with low dose of the two prescription(75mg/kg.bw); test group fed with middle dose of the two prescription(150mg/kg.bw);test group fed with high dose of the two prescription(450mg/kg.bw); and controlgroup fed with the same volumed distilled water. Each group was fed for28days, during the days, the weight of each mouse was measured every7days and the volumeof the feed for each mouse was changed according to the weight. On the28th day, allthe mice of4groups were killed to make the following tests: immune organ index test,delayed type hypersensitivity test, lymphopoiesis of mice induced by ConA, serumhemolysin test, carbon clearance capability test, macrophage phagocytosis of chickenred blood cells capability test. They were applied to evaluate the effects of ganodermalucidum cordyceps prescription and ganoderma lucidum soyisoflavone prescription onthe immune regulation of mice.Results:(1)Low dose of ganoderma lucidum cordyceps prescription had noeffects on immune organ index， proliferation of splenic lymphocytes and serumhemolysin level，but contributed to delayed type hypersensitivity, carbon clearancecapability and phagocytosis of macrophages. Low dose of ganoderma lucidumsoyisoflavone prescription had no effects on immune organ index, delayed typehypersensitivity, proliferation of splenic lymphocytes and serum hemolysin level, butcontributed to carbon clearance capability and phagocytosis of macrophages.(2)Middle dose of ganoderma lucidum cordyceps prescription had no effects onimmune organ index, proliferation of splenic lymphocytes and serum hemolysin level,but can significantly enhanced delayed type hypersensitivity, carbon clearancecapability and phagocytosis of macrophages. Middle dose of ganoderma lucidumsoyisoflavone prescription had no effects on immune organ index and serumhemolysin level, but contributed to delayed type hypersensitivity, proliferation ofsplenic lymphocytes carbon clearance capability and phagocytosis of macrophages.(3)High dose of ganoderma lucidum cordyceps prescription had no effects ondelayed type hypersensitivity, serum hemolysin level, carbon clearance capability andphagocytosis of macrophages, but can significantly enhanced immune organ indexand proliferation of splenic lymphocytes. High dose of ganoderma lucidumsoyisoflavone prescription had no effects on immune organ index, delayed typehypersensitivity, proliferation of splenic lymphocytes, serum hemolysin level,carbon clearance capability and phagocytosis of macrophages.Conclusion: Proper dose of either ganoderma lucidum cordyceps prescription or ganoderma lucidum soyisoflavone prescription can enhance the non-specificimmunity and specific immunity of the organism. It’s beneficial to defense the attackof harmful factors and to prevent the genesis and development of chronic diseasesassociated with immune injury. ganoderma lucidum, cordyceps and soyisoflavone canact as the ingredients of hygienical foods that can enhance the immunity of the body.This study provides proofs from the laboratory for the applications of ganodermalucidum, cordyceps and soyisoflavone in the fields of exploitation of hygienical foodsand medicines.更多还原