【作者】 王静；

【导师】 王梅；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 环境科学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国住房制度的改革和房地产业的迅速发展,由室内装修引起的室内空气污染问题日益突出,因此必须加强室内空气品质的现状调查及研究,总结出室内空气污染的总体特征及其影响因素。本文针对建筑室内空气气品质问题开展了一系列研究,首先对现有室内空气品质的质量标准进行了比较性研究,指出其中存在的问题；然后利用环境模拟舱实验,研究了油漆中甲醛释放规律与温度、相对湿度以及空气交换率的关系；在此基础上,对沈阳市建筑的总体室内空气品质进行了调查分析,并重点对东北大学新建的综合科技大楼的室内空气品质进行了研究；最终根据调查与研究结果,提出改善室内空气品质的一些合理有效措施。通过环境模拟舱实验表明,当室内室外存在空气交换时,污染物容易扩散到室外,有助于减轻室内空气污染状况；在温度较高时,甲醛的释放速率较快,且可在室内环境中累积增加,尤其是在空气交换率较低时,甲醛的浓度值可超过国家标准十几倍；在室内湿度较高时,可以在一定程度上抑制甲醛的释放。沈阳市建筑室内空气污染超标项目主要有甲醛、苯系物、氨气和总挥发性有机物,Y射线和氡均未出现超标现象,而甲醛是装修住宅室内空气中最主要的污染物。在东北大学综合科技大楼室内空气品质研究中,重点对大厅甲醛浓度分布以及随时间变化情况进行对比分析,并制定主观调查表格,对该大楼室内人员进行主观满意度调查,根据调查对象对室内空气质量、热环境、听觉环境和视觉的评价结果进行统计,分析了主观评价中的几个差异问题。本研究将为建筑室内空气污染控制和管理提供科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of real estate and the reform of house policy, the indoor air pollution due to the house decoration is growing important. As the result, the investigation and evaluation of indoor air quality must be strengthened, in the other hand, the general characterization and the influential factor of indoor air pollution should be studied for the controlling of the pollution.The indoor air quality of indoor environment was studied in this paper. Firstly it investigated the regulations on IAQ and made a comparative research. From it, the author pointed out the existing problems.And by the experiments with self-made environmental chamber, we try to find the relationship between the emission of formaldehyde and other factors, such as temperature, humidity, air exchange ratio and so on. Then basing on it, house decoration and indoor air pollution were investigated in city dwelling houses in Shenyang. Then the indoor air quality study of the new Northeaster University Multiple Builiding in a comprehensive and systematic way is studied. According to the situation of the research, a number of reasonable and effective measures are proposed to improve indoor air quality.By the experiment of testing chamber, we get the conclusion that when AER is large, formaldehyde could diffuse into outdoor environment easily which helps improve the quality of indoor air. And when the temperature is high, the emission rate of formaldehyde is large,especially when AER is low, the concentration of formaldehyde may be more than ten times of the national standard. In contrast to this, when RH is high, the emission rate of formaldehyde is low, so high RH is preferable in indoor environment. In Shenyang, the main over-ratio index is formaldehyde, benzol ammonia and VOC;γ-ray and radon is never; The formaldehyde is the main indoor pollutant of decorated houses in Shenyang. Through objective formaldehyde-apparatus measured in Mutiple Building, and have completed various forms of comparison and analysis for the use of data, and have.studied the distributed situation in the building and their changes over time. Through the making of subjective investigation form, carry on the subjective satisfaction questionnaire to the people relative to the building. Their evaluation on indoor air quality, thermal environment, auditory environment and visual environment is investigated. Count the subjective investigation results, analyzed several difference questions in subjective appraisal.And new input air and temperature have main effect on indoor air quality. The study will provide us aim and guides us directions in future research.更多还原