【作者】 郭瑞；

【导师】 关志民；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 企业管理， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着采购功能重要性的增加,采购决策变得越发的重要。企业在应对激烈市场竞争时,常常采用降低成本以增加产品在市场中的竞争力。对于制造型企业来说,由于采购成本大约占到了其产品成本的50%以上,为此,企业对采购成本的控制显得至关重要。随着供应链管理的发展,使得原来不属于增值活动的采购具有了增值的能力。21世纪的竞争不再是企业和企业之间的竞争,而是供应链与供应链之间的竞争。供应链环境下的采购问题是供应链管理的重要内容之一,而且由于企业组织与管理模式的变化,它与传统的采购管理相比有许多新的特点和要求。供应链管理为降低采购成本,提高效益提供了广阔的空间,但同时也给企业采购管理带来新的挑战。在采购研究中有着重大实践意义的一个重要领域就是供应商选择与管理问题。选择好的供应商并对其实施动态管理能够明显的降低采购成本,增强企业的竞争力。因此,供应商选择与管理是采购决策中最重要的工作。本文以供应商选择和采购量的优化分配问题为研究对象。研究工作从相关文献的综述开始,主要研究工作如下：(1)介绍了本文的研究背景并回顾了供应商选择及采购量分配问题的相关研究文献,然后指出了本文的研究目的并给出了具体的研究框架。(2)阐述供应链和采购的基本概念和相关理论并强调了采购在供应链中的地位。指出了供应商选择在采购中的重要性,并介绍了供应商的分类及供应商选择的策略、标准和方法。(3)介绍了多目标优化的一般形式及模糊优化理论原理,提出了对称型模糊多目标规划及加权模糊多目标优化模型,并介绍了运用AHP和模糊AHP计算权系数的方法。(4)构建了在折扣条件下的模糊加权多目标优化模型并介绍了相关求解方法。结合算例验证了该模型和求解方法对于解决供应商选择及其采购量分配问题的可行性和有效性。(5)对本文进行总结。概括了本文的主要贡献同时也指出了本文研究的不足。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increasing importance of the procurement function, the decision-making of procurement is becoming more and more important as well. In responding to the fierce competition, corporations often try to strengthen their products’competitiveness by continuously reducing costs. Usually, the procurement costs of manufacturing enterprises account for more than 50 percent of the overall cost. Thus, the procurement cost control is crucial. With the development of supply chain management, the original non-value-added activity, the procurement process, has become a value-added activity. As we can see, competition in the 21st century is no longer between corporations, but different supply chains. The procurement management under supply chain environment has also become a very important part of supply chain management. Compared with the traditional procurement, it holds more new features and requirements, because of its different corporate organization and management patterns. The management of supply chain can not only reduce procurement costs, but also provide a broader space for efficiency improvement. Meanwhile, vendor selection and management is of great significance in procurement management. Choosing the right vendors and then conducting correct management can significantly reduce the procurement costs and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises. Therefore, vendor selection and management is the most important work of the procurement decision-making.This paper takes the vendor selection and purchasing quantity allocation as the research objects. The study starts by a review of all the related literatures, which are shown as follows:(1) The background of research paper is introduced, and then a review is conducted on the related literatures of vendor selection and purchasing quantity allocation problem. After that, the purpose of this paper is pointed out, combining with a concrete research frame.(2) Basic concepts and related theories of supply chain and purchasing are introduced, and then the role of purchasing in supply chain emphasized. The importance of vendor selection in procurement is emphasized first, continued with the main methods of vendors’ classification. The strategies, standards and methods in selecting vendors are also introduced.(3) The general form of multi-objective optimization and basic theories of fuzzy optimization are introduced. Then, the symmetric fuzzy multi-objective programming and fuzzy weighted multi-objective optimization model are given. After that, the theory of AHP and Fuzzy AHP, which in this paper are used to determine the different weights of objectives, are introduced.(4) A fuzzy weighted multi-objective optimization model with discount conditions is constructed, and then the corresponding solution provided. By applying to an example, the feasibility and effectiveness of the model in vendor selection and procurement distribution are proved.(5) Finally, a conclusion is drawn, generalizing the main contribution of this paper, as well as its shortages.更多还原