【作者】 任泽华；

【导师】 孙蓉；

【作者基本信息】 西南财经大学 ， 保险学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 改革开放至今,随着现代化工业和科学技术的迅猛发展,我国经济保持了较快的发展速度。但不可否认的是,我国经济很大程度上还属于投资拉动型,即为了保证经济的持续发展,我国一直以来对水利、交通等工程领域投入着大量的资金。由于这些工程大多具有投资额巨大、参与主体众多、组织关系复杂、建设周期长且环节复杂等特点,不可避免的面临着一系列风险,比如施工风险、市场风险、人为风险、环境风险、政治风险和法律风险等等,而且这些风险又相互交错,如果不事先采取有效的措施,一旦遭遇较大风险事故,便会给工程参与方造成较大经济损失甚至造成严重的人员伤亡,这不仅会威胁到工程的顺利进行,而且有可能导致工程的彻底失败,甚至引发社会动荡。建筑工程保险作为迄今最普遍、也是最有效的风险管理手段之一,在现代工程建设的风险管理中具有重要的地位,早已为世界各国工程界所普遍接受。建筑工程保险是投保人(被保险人)通过交纳一定的保险费将风险转嫁给保险公司,当约定的保险事故发生时,保险公司对属于保险责任范围内的损失进行赔偿。当前,世界保险业发达国家的建筑工程保险已经迈入了专业化、制度化的阶段,尤其是在欧美发达国家,实行政府、银行和市场的三重强制法,对没有投保的项目是坚决不允许开工的。但是我国的建筑工程保险真正起步时间较短,同国外建筑工程保险相比还有许多不足之处:我国保险公司在建筑工程保险方面的承保技术和能力较弱,主体也较少;保险费率较高;险种少且针对性不足;工程风险主体不明;投资体制管理落后;项目参与方风险意识薄弱,对保险的重要性认识不足;保险的费用来源即归属问题尚无明确规定;缺乏完善的保险中介服务机构;有关建筑工程保险的法律、政策不健全等,也正是由于这些缺陷致使建筑工程保险作为市场经济中风险管理的重要手段在我国还没有得到广泛的运用,建筑工程保险作为一项制度还远未真正建立。为了探究造成我国建筑工程保险发展缓慢的真正原因,本文从建筑工程保险的主要参与主体——投保人(被保险人)和保险公司,保险中介和政府,以及建筑工程保险的发展平台——工程市场等方面认真分析原因,以期找出“症结”所在,能够对症下药。建筑工程保险是国际工程界应用最广泛、最有效的风险控制措施之一。建筑工程保险的目的在于通过将项目进行中伴随可能发生的部分风险作为保险对象,以减轻有关方的损失负担以及减少围绕负担这种损失所发生的纠纷,保障项目实施的顺利完成。我国在加入WTO的背景下,无论保险界,还是工程界,都已逐步认识到建筑工程保险对于运用经济手段保障工程建设的顺利进行具有重要意义,发展建筑工程保险势在必行而且前景广阔。随着市场经济体制的完善,我国建筑市场将越来越规范,保险制度也将越来越市场化,对工程项目风险的管理会得到更多的认同,这些都给建筑工程保险发展提供了一定土壤条件。针对我国目前的现状,本文在借鉴国际先进工程保险经验的基础上,全面分析问题,大胆的提出了构建我国建筑工程保险险种体系的构想,并从保险机构、政府、工程界等与项目建设相关的部门出发,针对性地提出了改善措施,尤其是从服务的软性价值方面提出加大保险机构的服务力度对于完善建筑工程保险制度非常重要,最后提出还应认真处理好建筑工程保险参与方之间的关系。本文有助于人们以更宽广的视角、更为全面地认识我国建筑工程保险市场,有助于对其未来的发展走向有一个更为全面深入的理解和关注,对于建立和完善我国建筑工程保险制度具有一定的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The economy in our country has been developing rapidly as the drastic development of industrialization and technology since the reform and open policy. However,our country often rely on investing transportation or water conservancy etc. To boost the economy, these projects generally involve a great number of money, different relevant parties, complex economy relationships and longer construction cycle, so it is inevitable to bring a series of risks such as construction risk, market risk, human risk, environment risk, political risk and law risk and so on. These risks often exist at the same time, so once they suffer big accident without adopting effective measures, it will hurt the relevant parties even result in someone death. It is no doubt that the whole project can not make a smooth progress and even fail.As the most effective and widely used measure of risk control, construction engineering insurance plays an important role in modern engineering community. Construction engineering insurance is that the insured pay a certain insurance premium for transferring the risk to insurer and when the accident happened, the insurer compensates the losing in its responsibility scope.Construction engineering insurance in developed countries has step into specialization and institution stage especially in Europe and America. The projects without buying insurance can not start working because three parties include governments, banks, market will control them. Compare with construction engineering insurance of developed countries, construction engineering insurance in our countries still drop behind. The insurance company is weak in underwriting technique, fewer parties and insurance codes, higher insurance premium rate; The investment management system is not perfect and the relevant parties don’t attach importance to the insurance; The expenses source of the project insurance namely ownership question do not have a clear regulation yet; Lacking the perfect project insurance intermediary advisory organization; Especially lack the overall law and policy frame that can guide project insurance development of our country. The construction engineering insurance still has not been really set up as a system.The thesis tries to find the real cause why the construction engineering insurance develops so slowly from relevant parties and development environment in order to solve the problem. Engineering insurance is the most effective and widely used measure of risk control in international engineering community. It aims at diminishing loss incurred or relevant disputes, clearing obstacles and pursuing smooth accomplishment by defining risks during the course of construction projects as insured objects. Nowadays, either insurance industry or engineering industry gets to know the importance of engineering insurance. Developing engineering insurance is so necessary.With the perfection of market economy system, China’s construction market will become more and more normal, insurance system will be more and more market-oriented, we will get more recognition for the project risk management, all of these will provide a certain vivo sphere for the development of insurance. In view of the current status quo, this article analyses the problem in a comprehensive manner, puts forward boldly the idea of insurance that is constructing our insurance code system, on the basis of learning from advanced international experience. And from the insurance company, the Government, engineering and departments related to construction, this article puts forward the pertinent corrective measure, in particular, it proposes that enhancing the soft value of the services to improve the insurance system is very important. Finally, it points out that dealing with seriously the relationship of relevant parties is very important as well.This article will help people understand China’s construction engineering insurance market from a broader and a more comprehensive perspective. Meanwhile, it could make people pay close attention to its future development in-depth, and it plays a guide role for improving and establishing China’s construction engineering insurance system.更多还原