跨越式发展背景下河南自主创新能力提升研究

【作者】 袁金星；

【导师】 周柯；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 国民经济学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 自主创新是支撑国民经济强盛的筋骨,是实现生产力发展质的飞跃的强大支点,目前河南自主创新能力在全国还处于落后位置,自主创新能力不足已经成为制约河南经济发展的一大瓶颈。那么如何有效提升河南自主创新能力,促进河南跨越式发展,就成为一个亟待解决的理论问题和现实问题。自主创新是以获得自主知识产权、掌握核心技术为目标,研究创造出前所未有的技术知识、并将技术知识转化为新产品、新工艺和新服务的过程,其具有四种特性,它的实现需要有动力、资源、组织、制度、结果五大要素。自主创新通过提升企业及产业竞争力、促进产业结构的优化、克服资源环境的瓶颈制约来促进一个国家或地区的经济社会快速发展,因此,河南省要实现经济社会的跨越式发展,必须注重自主创新能力的提升。目前,河南省已经具备了自主创新能力提升的基础,突出表现在:科教资源丰富、企业研发能力进一步提升、自主创新的资源利用能力不断增强、创新的制度供给能力逐步提高、社会服务体系进一步完善,但是同时也暴露出一些问题,如自主创新能力与区域科技资源不相称、科技投入整体水平较低、创新环境仍需继续完善,而产生这些问题主要是由于缺少自主创新的氛围、科技资源条块分割严重、科技和经济融合度低、政府导向作用较弱等造成的。通过建立河南省自主创新能力指标体系,结合18个地市的相关数据,运用SPSS软件进行因子分析可以得到,R&D人员比重、外商直接投资占GDP的比重、技术成交额占GDP的比重等指标在指标体系中载荷较高,因此,从数据上说明,河南省要进一步提升自主创新能力,需要在提高企业和高校科研能力、加强招商引资、营造创新环境等方面多做努力。同时,创新能力的提高离不开创新模式的选择,河南省正是由于以前只注重技术引进,不注重消化、吸收再创新造成现在缺乏核心技术的局面,通过对比美国和韩国的自主创新模式和经验,特别是从韩国不同发展阶段创新模式的动态选择过程中得到启示,现阶段河南省应选择集成创新和引进、消化、吸收再创新相结合的创新模式。要保证河南省自主创新能力的有效提升,必须有相应的政策作为支撑,这就需要河南省在营造良好创新环境、激发企业创新热情、发挥高校和科研院所中坚作用、注重对引进技术的消化吸收再创新等方面多做文章。更多还原

【Abstract】 Independent innovation is strong bones and tendons, which supports the national economy, and it is the powerful fulcrum of the development of productive forces to achieve a qualitative leap , Henna ability of independent innovation in the country is also in a backward position, and lack of innovative capacity constraints in Henan Province has become a major economic development bottleneck. How effectively upgrade Henan capability of independent innovation, promote leapfrog development in Henan Province, has become an urgent problem theoretical and practical issues.The independent innovation is take obtains the proprietary intellectual property rights, to master the core technologies as the goal, to create the unprecedented technical knowledge, and transforms the technical knowledge the process which for the new product, the new craft and serves newly, it has four characteristics, and it realizes needs to have five big essential factors: the power, the resources, the organization, the system, and the result. The independent innovation through the promotion enterprise and the industrial competitive power, the promotion industrial structure’s optimization, overcomes the resources environment the bottleneck restriction to promote a national or the local economic society develops fast, therefore, if Henan Province need to realize economic society’s leap frog development, it must pay great attention to promote the independent innovation ability. At present, Henan Province has already had the independent innovation ability promotion foundation, and it displays prominently in: The science and technology education fruitful in resources, enterprise research and development ability further promotes, the independent innovation resources to strengthen, the innovation system supplies ability using ability to enhance, the social service system unceasingly to further consummate gradually, but it simultaneously also exposes some questions, like independent innovation ability and the region science and technology resources not symmetric, the science and technology input overall level is low, the innovation environment still to continue to consummate, these questions is mainly because lacked the independent innovation the atmosphere, the technical resources division of vertical to be serious, the science and technology and the economical degree of integration are low, the government guides the function weakly and so on to create. Through establishes the Henan Province independent innovation ability indicator system, unifies 18 prefectures the correlation data, and carries on the factorial analysis using the SPSS software to be possible to obtain, R&D personnel proportion, the foreign direct investment occupy GDP the proportion, the technical volume of business to occupy GDP targets and so on proportion the load to be high in the indicator system, therefore, explained from the data, Henan Province must further promote the independent innovation ability, needs to enhance the enterprise and university scientific research ability, strengthens attracting investments, aspects and so on building innovation environment to do diligently. At the same time, the innovation ability’s enhancement cannot leave the innovation pattern the choice, Henan Province is precisely because before only pays great attention to the technology acquisition, does not pay great attention to digest, the absorption to innovate again creates lacks the core technologies now the aspect, through contrasts American and South Korea’s independent innovation pattern and the experience, obtains the enlightenment specially from South Korea different development phase innovation pattern’s dynamic selection process, present stage Henan Province should choose the integration to innovate and to introduce the innovation pattern which, the digestion, the absorption innovate again unify. In order to promote the independent innovation ability of Henan Province, it must have the corresponding policy to take the support, this needs Henan Province in the building good innovation environment, the stimulation enterprise innovation enthusiasm, the display university and the scientific research courtyard backbone function, pays great attention to introduce technical the digestion absorption to innovate and so on aspects to do some more try.更多还原