【作者】 张守起；

【导师】 张予南；

【作者基本信息】 北京体育大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 2008年北京奥运会中国赛艇女子四人双桨项目勇夺金牌,实现了我国赛艇项目奥运金牌零的突破,圆了中国赛艇几代人的奥运夺金梦想。回顾整个北京奥运周期,其比赛成绩已经远远超过了雅典奥运周期。优异成绩的取得并不是巧合,其背后蕴藏着雅典奥运周期所无法企及的巨大优势。本文以赛艇项目取得历史性突破为契机,通过与雅典奥运周期备战情况相比较,捕捉该项目在北京奥运周期的成功经验,以期为自身项目及其它相关项目备战下一个奥运周期提供参考,为能在我国推广普及赛艇运动提供一些理论依据。本文采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法、数理统计法和逻辑分析法,将我国赛艇队为备战北京奥运的周期运作及成效与备战雅典奥运的周期运作及成效,从指导思想、训练实施、科研工作、管理工作以及主场参赛等方面进行了对比分析,研究结果表明:与雅典奥运周期相比,北京奥运周期的运作及成效具有明显优势,具体体现在:1.思维方式有了新的突破北京奥运周期以超常规思维开展工作,促进了赛艇项目跨越式发展的进程。超常规思维这一竞技体育重要的思想和工作方法,让中国赛艇在不足三年的时间内完成历史性突破和整体性提高双重使命。超常规思维是落后项目短期内实现历史性突破的必由之路。2.更加注重训练与科研的紧密结合北京奥运周期深入研究赛艇自身项目的本质、特征及规律,从训练模式、训练方法和训练形式等方面进行了一系列的科学创新。合理的高原训练、系统的大运动量训练、“呼吸肌群训练”的探索等,均对国家赛艇队整体水平的提高、对整个赛艇项目从过去落后到现在实现突破提供了直接动力。3.积极利用国内高科技资源北京奥运周期国家赛艇队充分利用举国体制的优势,以开放、务实和创新的精神构建了更大的平台,寻求了更大范围的合作;充分利用国家资源,建立多个赛艇训练基地,为赛艇备战工作提供了强有力的保障。4.管理工作更加细化、更具针对性北京奥运周期在管理上突出“细节”,而且更有针对性,这是保质保量地完成训练、积累体能的关键所在。5.积极利用主场的优势相比2004年奥运会中国赛艇队前往雅典异地参赛,2008年北京奥运会中国赛艇队作为举办国参赛队,在自己本土参加奥运会比赛,积极利用得天独厚的主场优势。更多还原

【Abstract】 In China 2008 Beijing Olympic Games,Chinese Rowing Team won the gold medal in women’s quadruple sculls,realizing a breakthrough of China in rowing in Olympic Games,and fulfilling several generations’ gold medal dream of Chinese Rowing team.Recalling the Beijing Olympic cycle as a whole,the achievement has far exceeded the performance of the Athens Olympic cycle.It’ s not a coincidence to achieve such outstanding results.There existed a hidden enormous advantage which the Athens Olympic cycle can not match.In this paper,the historic breakthrough achieved in rowing will be taken as an opportunity,by comparing with the Athens Olympic cycle,finding the experience of success achieved in Beijing Olympic cycle,with the view of providing a reference for the next Olympic cycle both for its own events and other related ones,and providing some theoretical basis to promote the popularity of rowing in China.By means of literature,surveys,expert interviews,data statistics and logical analysis,this paper compared and analyzed the operation and effectiveness that China’s Rowing Team has prepared for the Beijing Olympic cycle and the Athens Olympic cycle from the guiding ideology, training implementation,scientific research,as well as management and home game system.It shows that the operation and effectiveness in the Beijing Olympic cycle has an obvious advantage compared with the Athens Olympic cycle as following:1.A new breakthrough in the way of thinkingThe work was carried out with a supernormal way of thinking in the Beijing Olympic cycle,which greatly promoted rowing development process. The supernormal way of thinking made Chinese Rowing Team achieve a historic breakthrough and an overall improvement in less than three years. Supernormal way of thinking is the only way for the weak events to achieve a historic breakthrough in a short term. 2.More emphasis is put on the close integration between the training and scientific researchIn Beijing Olympic cycle,the national rowing team studied more on the nature,characteristics and the law of rowing,adopted a series of scientific innovation on the training modes,training methods and training forms.The facts that reasonable altitude training,systematic and hard training as well as "respiratory muscle training" have provided direct power in its overall development and historic breakthrough for the national rowing team.3.Actively using the domestic high-tech resourcesDuring the Beijing Olympic cycle,the national rowing team made full use of the advantage of the nationwide system and build a larger platform with an open,pragmatic and innovative spirit Meanwhile,national resources were fully made use of to establish a number of rowing training base,which provided powerful protection in preparation for rowing team.4.The more refined and more focused managementAnother advantage in the Beijing Olympic cycle is the highlighting "detail" and "focus" in the management,which is a quantitative and qualitative completion of the training,the key to the accumulation of physical fitness.5.Actively using the home advantageCompared with the participation in the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, in 2008,the Chinese rowing team participated in the Olympic Games at home.It’ s no doubt that the home advantage has played an important role.更多还原