【作者】 刘健；

【导师】 刘峰；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 科学技术哲学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 科学的进步促进科学文化不断向前发展，出现了许多与科学有关的概念。如:伪科学、反科学、前科学。伪科学是近代人们从科学的视角对于某一类特殊社会现象的称谓，古代并没有“伪科学”一词。伪科学是现代社会一个热门的话题，掀起了一阵又一阵强烈的争议。有关伪科学的争议主要有两个问题。第一：伪科学的定义问题，什么是伪科学，伪科学这一概念所指的对象是什么？第二：伪科学的界定问题，伪科学定义确定后，怎么将伪科学和科学区分开来，两者之间有没有明显的区分标准?关于“中医”和“废伪”的争议就是伪科学争议的经典案例。本文认为伪科学的定义是明确的，伪科学这个概念是有其特定的对象的。伪科学就是表面类似科学但实际上却是毫无道理的骗人理论。伪科学是以科学一词为中心的一个概念。本文以科学哲学为视角，先研究科学，先树立正确的标准，为伪科学研究起到映照作用。研究完伪科学的一般规律后，就要研究伪科学泛滥的原因及其防治措施。伪科学泛滥的原因主要分为内在原因和外在原因两种，内在原因主要是伪科学理论自身的内在特性，外在原因是指社会心理因素、文化因素、法制因素等等。对伪科学的防治要从两个方面同时进行，在宏观方面要净化社会风气，普及科学知识和科学精神。在微观方面要动员公众的力量，多项措施并举大家一起齐心协力防治伪科学。伪科学研究是一个庞大又幽深的课题，既要了解各门具体的科学知识，还涉及到科学哲学、科学社会学、科学历史、认知心理学甚至魔术、宗教、民俗、犯罪学等学科的综合性的知识，本文将从科学哲学、科学社会学的角度，结合具体案例对伪科学的界定、危害性、成因与防治措施等做一个初步的探索。更多还原

【Abstract】 Forward the progress of science to the promotion of scientific culture,there are a lot of science-related concept of culture. Such as: thepseudo-science, anti-scientific, pre-scientific.Pseudo-science is a modernpeople the title of a special kind of social and cultural phenomenon from ascientific perspective, the ancient and the term "pseudo-science". Thepseudo-science is a hot topic of modern society,setting off a burst after burstof intense controversy. There are two main problems related to thepseudo-scientific controversy. First: the problem of the definition ofpseudo-science, what is the pseudo-scientific object within the meaning of theconcept of pseudo-science? Second: the definition of pseudo-science,pseudo-scientific definition to determine is, how the pseudo-science andscientific areas to distinguish between the two there is no clear distinctionbetween standards? Controversy on the "Chinese Medicine" and "abolish ofpseudo-science" is pseudo-science a classic case of dispute.This paper think that the definition of pseudo-science is clear,the concept of pseudo-science is a particular object. The pseudo-science that issuperficially similar science but in fact it is unjustified lie theory. Thepseudo-science is the scientific word for a concept of the center.In this paper,the philosophy of science perspective, to study science, to establish the correctstandard, pseudo-scientific research to play a role in mapping. Study thegeneral laws of the pseudo-science, it is necessary to study the proliferation ofpseudo-science of the causes and prevention measures. The main reasons forthe proliferation of pseudo-science is divided into two kinds of internalreasons and external reasons, the underlying reasons, the intrinsic properties ofthe pseudo-scientific theories, and external causes are social and psychologicalfactors, cultural factors, legal factors and so on. From two aspects of theprevention and treatment of pseudo-science, to purify the social atmosphere atthe macro, the popularization of scientific knowledge and scientific spirit. Themicro level is necessary to mobilize the power of the public, a number ofmeasures simultaneously with concerted effortsto fight the pseudo-science.Pseudo-scientific research is a vast and deep subject, it is necessary tounderstand the specific scientific knowledge, but also to the philosophy ofscience, sociology of science, history of science, cognitive psychology andeven magic, religion, folk customs, crime and other disciplines sexualknowledge, this article from the philosophy of science, scientific andsociological point of view, combined with the definition of the specific examples of the pseudo-science, dangers, causes and prevention measures todo a preliminary exploration.更多还原