【作者】 胡磊；

【导师】 杨建国；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 轮机工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 齿轮箱作为传递动能和连接动力机械的零部件,广泛应用于工业各个领域,其传动特点具有不可替代的优势。目前齿轮传动系统正朝着高速、重载、轻型自动化和高可靠性方向发展,这就对其动态性能提出更高的要求。因此,为提高齿轮箱工作的可靠性,研究齿轮箱的振动特性及其故障诊断技术,对于保证齿轮箱正常运转和预防其长期工作中出现的不确定性故障具有重要意义。本文以2GWH100船用双机并车齿轮箱为研究对象,分析齿轮箱产生振动的机理,研究其传动特性,通过建模对齿轮箱动态响应进行计算,得到其振动规律,并通过试验验证其建模和计算方法的正确性,在此基础上对三种常见故障进行仿真计算分析,获得用于诊断的故障判据。其具体的研究工作有：1)以双机并车齿轮箱传动系统为对象,利用Pro/E软件建立了斜齿轮画法和斜齿轮参数化建模方法,提出了复杂齿轮传动系统通用建模和装配方法；2)研究分析了齿轮内部的振动机理,分析了斜齿轮副啮合时变刚度计算方法,误差仿真方法,提出了啮合线长时变刚度计算方法,利用仿真软件ADAMS建立了传动系统虚拟样机的动力学模型,计算各接触部位啮合冲击力,并验证了动力学模型的正确性,得到齿轮内部激励力的计算方法；3)建立了箱体有限元模型,通过受力分析得出轴承激励力计算方法,利用Hypermesh建立箱体载荷和约束边界条件等前处理,利用ANSYS有限元软件计算箱体振动响应,并通过试验方法测量箱体表面振动特性,验证振动响应计算方法的正确性；4)在模型和仿真计算方法正确的基础上,通过断齿、磨损、点蚀和剥落三种常见故障产生机理的研究,仿真三种故障下的箱体振动响应,通过信号分析和处理技术,提取了故障的振动特征参数,总结归纳了用于诊断的故障判据。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the transmission of kinetic energy and the connection of power machinery parts, gearbox is widely used in various fields of industry, and it has an irreplaceable advantage of transmission characteristics.Recently, the gear system is moving in the high-speed, overloaded, light automation and high reliability direction development, which need higher demand about dynamic performance, therefore, in order to improve the reliability of the gear box, researching vibration characteristics and fault diagnosis of gearbox is of great significance to ensure its normal operation and prevent from the uncertain failure of its long-term work.The paper is based on2GWH100marine multi-engine parallel operation gear box, analyzes the gearbox vibration mechanism, study the transmission characteristics, simulates and models the dynamic response of the gearbox to come to its regularity of vibration, it verifies the correctness of the modeling and simulation methods by experiment. On this basis, it simulates and analyzes three common failure, obtains the criterion of fault diagnosis. The specific research is as follows:1) for the multi-engine parallel operation multi-stage gear box drive system, using Pro/E software to establish a helical gear painting and helical gears parametric modeling method, propose complex gear transmission system modeling and assembly methods;2) research gear internal vibration mechanism, analyze the variable stiffness calculation method of the helical gear meshing and the error simulation method, propose a calculation of variable stiffness based on the length of the line action, and establish the dynamic model of the transmission system virtual prototype simulation by the simulation software ADAMS, get impact force of the contact parts, and verify the correctness of the dynamic model, obtain the calculation method of internal driving forces of gear;3) establish finite element model of the box, obtain the calculation method of internal driving forces of bearings, finish the pre-treatment about loads and constraints boundary conditions of box by Hypermesh, using ANSYS finite element software to calculate the vibration response of box, and then measure body surface vibration characteristics to verify the correctness of the simulation method of vibration response by experimental methods;4) on the basis of models and simulation methods, research the mechanism of three common failure—broken teeth, pitting and spalling, wear of tooth surface, simulate the vibration response of the box under the three kinds of fault, signal analysis and processing technology, obtain characteristic parameters of the vibration about extract fault, summary the fault diagnostic criterion of the gearbox.更多还原