【作者】 程磊；

【导师】 周伟；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着人们生活质量的提高,汽车的销售量呈现日趋上升的趋势,被视为奢侈品的房车和游艇等也已经逐渐出现在人们的生活中,而且其拥有量呈现不断的上升的趋势。车载逆变器是房车、游艇等交通设备续航能力的保障,车载逆变器的研究与设计也逐渐受到人们的关注。同时,节能减排、能源的高效利用以及新能源的开发和利用也成了当今社会热门的话题。在这样的背景下,逆变技术应运而生且不断成熟,车载逆变器在人们生活中扮演的角色越来越重要。本设计介绍了一种新型并联推挽式逆变器。逆变器以24V蓄电池为输入,实现有功功率3KW的220V/50Hz输出,并在功率上有进一步拓展的功能。高效率的逆变器可以实现房车、军车上电池能源的高效率利用,驱动车上照明设备、通信设备、空调和电视等其他设备。同时,逆变器在太阳能及风能的利用上也扮演着要的角色。在风光互补等能源开发项目中,如何实现太阳能电池板和风力发电机对蓄电池的充电,以及如何实现对蓄I电池电能的利用,是实现系能源开发利用中两个核心问题。逆变技术是解决第二个问题的主要手段。设计中采取三个步骤实现低压直流到市电交流的变换过程：第一级升压为开环电压放大,采用推挽电路实现,本次设计中的推挽采用了ZVS软开关技术,利用一个小电感来实现MOS管的零电压开通/关闭,提高了第一级放大的效率和开关管安全性,同时省去了输出级的滤波电感,减小模块体积的同时也缩减了成本。单模块1.5KW的情况下,第一级推挽满载情况下效率可以达到90%,实现电路体积较小,电路控制简单；二级升压采用BOOST升压模式,由32位ARM芯片STM32取代IC产生PWM,由STM32内部自带12位AD进行电流和电压采样。电压环控制并联后输出电压的稳定,电流环来实现多个升压模块的均流工作;第三级为逆变模块,硬件上采用全桥逆变电路,通过软件产生SPWM实现380V直流到220V/50Hz交流电的逆变。三个模块完成整个逆变器的设计,电路实现简单、成本低,且整体的转换效率高达到85%以上。最后,对车载并联均流型逆变器的各项测试参数进行分析,验证了本车载逆变方案的可行性与高效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the improvement of the quality of people’s lives, car sales tend to increase day by day.Saloon cars and yachts that be seen as luxury things have also been appearing in people’s lives, and they have rendered continuous upward trend. Car inverter is important in providing saloon cars、yachts and other transport equipment with Continued energy.The research and design of the car inverter gradually attracts people’s attention. At the same time, energy conservation, efficient use of energy and the new energy development and utilization have become a hot topic in today’s society. In this context, the inverter technology comes into being and continues to mature, the car inverter as a product is gradually coming into people’s lives.This design introduces a new designed parallel push-pull inverter. The inverter has a24V battery input to achieve an output of220V. The active power of the inverter is3KW. with further expansion in the power function. The high efficiency of the inverter can make full use of the battery energy in saloon cars and military vehicles.It can also drive the vehicle lighting equipment, communications equipment, air conditioning and television equipment. At the same time, the inverter plays an important role in the use of solar and wind energy. Such as wind and solar energy development project, how the solar panels and wind turbines achieve the battery charging and the use of battery power is the most important questions. The inverter is the primary means to solve the second problem.In the design of inverter,there are three steps in transformation of low voltage DC to AC electricity: the first level BOOST for the open-loop voltage amplification, uses the push-pull circuit.Different from the traditional push-pull process, push-pull in this design uses ZVS soft-switching technology.There’s a small inductor to achieve zero-voltage on/off of the MOSFET.The first stage of amplification efficiency and voltage magnification eliminates the filter inductor of output stage, reducing the cost and the volume of the module.In the case,1.5KW of single module, first-class push-pull full loads efficiency of89%, to achieve smaller circuit and simple control circuit:the second level BOOST module replacing the IC.uses32-bit ARM chip STM32to generate the PWM.Internal12-bit AD of the STM32provides current and voltage sampling. Voltage loop controls the stability of the parallel output voltage. Current loop achieves parallel current of multiple modules; the third step is the inverter module. The design of hardware is full-bridge inverter and software of SPWM.Both of hardware and software provide inverter of360V DC to220V/50Hz AC. The three modules complete the whole design of the inverter.The circuit is simple, low cost and overall conversion efficiency of85%or more.Finally, we analyze the various test parameters on the vehicle parallel inverter to verify the feasibility of car inverter and its efficiency.更多还原