【作者】 王晓晖；

【导师】 杨棉之；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 工商管理， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 在信息化,全球化和竞争日益激烈的市场坏境下,企业在市场经营的过程中遇到的不确定性和各种风险因素日益增多,同时企业经营也面临着更多的财务风险。不仅是中小企业,即使是百年老店和跨国大企业如果财务风险管理不当,破产和出现危机也是在所难免的,如美国的安然,日本的八百伴,中国的德隆和三鹿,还有在经济危机中倒下的美国通用汽车公司现在不得不依靠政府财政支持。对于企业来说企业的财务风险的发生具有客观必然性和普遍性,企业的财务风险防范管理已成为学界、业界和投资者共同关注的问题。能否有效得进行企业财务风险防范,关乎企业的生死存亡。天然气行业是我国的新兴能源行业,在石油,煤炭等常规能源日益匮乏的情况下,天然气行业异军突起已经逐渐慢慢成为现在社会需求的主流能源。在现今能源紧张日益严重,全球性的能源危机的情况下,许多国内外能源企业转而把视野转向了天然气市场,希望在这个新兴的市场上占居一份大的“蛋糕”。中国的天然气企业不仅仅要和国内同行业的企业竞争,同时还要面对许多外来资本的严峻挑战,随着市场的竞争加剧,企业所面临的各种财务风险也会日益增多。国内外理论关于企业财务风险的研究,大都是针对大型的企业集团和上市公司的,对于发展中的中小企业的财务风险研究是极其匮乏的,而关于新型能源天然气行业的财务风险防范的研究成果则是更加稀少。文章的创新点：并没有针对企业在一般经营生产过程中所发生的常规资金投资、筹集资金、现金流状况、收益分配等财务行为,而作相应的财务风险防范的分析,而是从公司的股权结构、组织架构、到财务的战略重要性、企业的社会公共关系上。结合公司在现实的经营管理中具体的财务工作,发现了该企业存在和可能存在的财务风险。文章借鉴国内外财务风险防范的研究成果,采用比较分析法、定性研究法的方法,通过天然气行业的现状的分析,结合该天然气公司在高速的发展过程中所存在和可能发生的财务风险现状进行了深入细致的分析和研究。并从该企业内部和外部两个方面对财务风险的成因进行了剖析。得出结论：该天然气企业的主要财务风险来自于政策风险、信贷风险、技术创新风险、区域风险、价格管制风险、业内竞争和潜在进入者风险、供应商气源供应风险、下游分销商成本回收风险、天然气替代品的替代风险。最后从企业法人治理结构、企业的组织结构以及内部管理控制、气源管理以及防范投资风险和控制现金流等方面提出了有效规避财务风险防范措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Information technology, globalization and an increasingly competitive market environment, the uncertainties encountered by enterprises in the process of market operators and a variety of risk factors is increasing, business is also facing more financial risk. Small and medium-sized enterprises, and even a hundred years old and multinational enterprises, financial risk mismanagement, bankruptcy and crisis are inevitable, such as Enron in the United States, Japan, Yaohan, DeLong and Sanlu, but also U.S. General Motors Corp. fell in the economic crisis is now forced to rely on government financial support. Objective necessity and universality of the risk of financial enterprises, the enterprise financial risk management has become the issues of common concern of academia, industry and investors. Ability to effectively get the corporate financial risk relates to the survival of enterprises.The natural gas industry is China’s emerging energy industry, under conditions of increasing scarcity of oil, coal and other conventional energy, the sudden emergence of the natural gas industry has been gradually slowly becoming mainstream energy needs of society. In today’s energy crisis is worsening, the case of the global energy crisis, many domestic and foreign energy companies turn our eyes turned to the natural gas market, hoping to occupy a large "cake" in this emerging market. China’s natural gas companies not only to the domestic industry, enterprise competition, but also face many serious challenges of foreign capital, with the market competition, enterprises are facing a variety of financial risks will increasingly be.Domestic and international theory on corporate financial risk, mostly for large-scale enterprise groups and listed companies, the financial risk for the development of SMEs is extremely scarce, while research on the financial risk of new energy and gas industry is even more scarce.Article innovations:conventional capital investment in the normal operations of the production process, raise funds, cash flow, income distribution and other financial behavior, and the corresponding financial risk analysis, but from the company ownership structure, organizational structure, strategic importance to the financial, corporate social public relations. Combined with the company specific financial management of the reality, discovered the existence of the business and financial risks that may exist. The articles draw on the research of domestic and foreign financial risk, the use of comparative analysis, qualitative methods of research method, the analysis of the status of the natural gas industry, combined with the financial risk the status quo of the gas companies exist and may occur in the high-speed development process the in-depth analysis and research. And from the internal and external aspects of the causes of the financial risk analysis. Concluded that:the gas companies, major financial risk from the policy risks, credit risk, the risk of technological innovation, regional risk, the risk of price controls, industry competition and the risk of potential entrants, supplier of gas source supply risks, upstream and downstream distributors risk of cost recovery, natural gas substitutes alternative risk. Finally, in terms of corporate governance structure, the organizational structure and internal management control, gas supply management, as well as to prevent the risk of investment and control of cash flow to effectively avoid financial risk prevention measures.更多还原