陈亮“成人之道”思想研究

【作者】 赵静；

【导师】 曲爱香；

【作者基本信息】 曲阜师范大学 ， 中国哲学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 在儒家哲学传统之中，十分重视对人的哲学思考，有关人性和人的价值问题一直是中国哲学研究和探讨的重要课题。那么对“理想人格”的设定和“成人之道”的探索，也成为了历代哲学家们研究的重要内容和中国古代哲学的传统。对于“成人之道”的理解是与“理想人格”有机结合在一起的。完美的人格就是理想人格。儒家在心目中设定了自己期望的完美的理想的“成人”人格，以此作为追求和向往的理想人格典范，进而不断的进行完善和实现。在此意义上，所谓“成人之道”是指一个人人性得到全面发展，人格得以完善的途径或方式。成人之道是儒家理想人格学说中的重要组成部分，它所涉及关于人的全面发展的理论和理想人格培养的一般性规律，无疑是儒家学说中极富价值和独具特色的理论，在儒家哲学传统之中，不同的哲学家对“成人之道”的阐释各有侧重，内容丰富渊闳。南宋著名思想家陈亮的“成人之道”思想的形成，虽然也是在对前人的思想继承的基础上发展而来的，但陈亮在继承和发扬儒家理论精华的同时，另辟巧径，从事功哲学的角度看待人的社会责任感并以此体认属于陈亮自己的成人之道。陈亮本人一生都在践履着其所主张的“成人之道”，对于自己理想人格的完善有着独到的见解。本文首先追述了陈亮“成人之道”思想形成的时代背景与思想渊源（第一章）；然后探讨了陈亮对“成人之道”的设定，包括“成人之道”思想的哲学依据、“成人”的人格特征、“成人”的修养目标、“成人”的实现途径（第二章）；最后则对陈亮“成人之道”思想的理论价值和现实意义进行简要的论述和介绍（第三章）。陈亮所提倡的事功主义人生哲学，在丰富儒家思想体系的同时，对今天造就社会主义一代新人与精神文明建设，也有可供借鉴的内容。更多还原

【Abstract】 The traditional Confucianism pays more attention on the philosophical thinking of humanbeings while human nature and the values of human being are always the important subjects inthe area of Chinese philosophy discussion. Consequently the setting of The Ideal Personality anddeveloping of The Way to Sage have become the important research subjects and traditions ofChinese ancient philosophy. And the understandings of “The Way to Sage” are connected withThe Ideal Personality. Perfect personality is The Ideal Personality. In the Confucian’s mind theyhave set the perfect ideal“sage”, with which they pursues as the model of The Ideal Personality,and they also continuously improve it. In this sense, The Way to Sage refers to the way ormethod of comprehensively development of human nature and the improvement of personality.As the important part of the Confucian’s Ideal personality, The Way to Sage involves thecommon rule of person’s comprehensively development theory and the cultivation of idealpersonality, which are undoubtedly the two parts with the supreme values and exceptionallyfeatures in the area of Confucianism. In the traditional Confucian philosophy, differentphilosophers focus on different points to “The Way to Sage” which also have extensive andabundant contents. Although Chen Liang, the famous ideologist in the Southern Song Dynasty,has develops his theory of“The Way to Sage”on the basis of the predecessors’thoughts, ChenLiang researches the way to sage from the point of Utilitarian philosophy of life and pays moreattention on the propagation of the human’s social responsibility on the basis of inheriting theessences of the traditional Confucianism. Chen Liang fulfills his theory of “The Way to Sage”in the whole life and has original ideas to the improvement of the ideal personality. Firstly, thisthesis traces Chen Liang’s background and the resources of his thought (Chapter one); Secondly,this thesis discusses the configure of Chen Liang’s “The Way to Sage”,Which involved thephilosophical basement of forming the thought of Chen Liang’s “The Way to Sage”,personality characteristics of the Sage,cultivation of target of the Sage and ways of the Sage.(Chapter two); Lastly, this thesis demonstrates the brief discussion and introduction of thetheoretical values and realistic significance of Chen Liang’s “The Way to Sage”(ChapterFour). The Utilitarian philosophy of life that Cheng Liang advocates has not only enriched theConfucian system of thought, but also has the reference content for bringing up a new generationand developing spiritual cultivation.更多还原