【作者】 黄文；

【导师】 甘宣明；

【作者基本信息】 广西师范大学 ， 行政管理， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 20世纪80年代,伴随着我国家庭联产承包责任制的推行,以民主选举、民主管理、民主监督、民主决策为运行方式的村民自治开始在中国广大农村地区产生和发展。在1982年通过的现行《宪法》第111条以国家根本大法的形式明确规定了“村民委员会是基层群众性自治组织”的宪法地位之后,村民自治开始作为一种基层群众性自治制度登上中国广大乡村社会的舞台,并在广大农村地区逐步推行。村民自治的推行直接使中国乡村社会形成了以国家基层行政权和村民自治权为核心的“乡政村治”格局。一方面,乡镇政府作为国家最基层的政权组织行使行政权,对乡镇农村进行行政管理。另一方面,村民自治组织作为自主治理的群众自治权利中心行使村民自治权,对村庄进行村民自治,由村民对村级事务进行自我管理、自我服务、自我教育和自我监督。自村民自治组织出现后,基于目标价值理念的一致性,乡镇行政管理与村民自治开始以各种各样的方式在各个范围内进行互动,而且这种互动伴随着社会的发展而变得越来越广泛、越来越深入。这种互动具有两面性。一方面,自村民自治推行以来,乡镇行政管理与村民自治的互动确实有着重大的政治意义和现实意义,促进了我国基层民主政治建设的进程,加快了社会主义新农村建设的步伐；另一方面,乡镇行政管理与村民自治的互动由于受各种现实因素的影响和制约,在实践中出现了非良性互动的一面,直接影响农民当家作主地位的实现,一定程度上阻碍了基层民主政治建设进程及社会主义新农村建设进程,不利于我国构建社会主义和谐社会。因此,探索出一条能够使乡镇行政管理与村民自治良性互动的路径十分必要。本文主要运用了文献分析、实证分析和系统分析的研究方法,笔者从解读乡镇行政管理的含义、职能、特点和村民自治的基本原则、组织形式和运行方式等基本内容入手,通过创新性地运用互动及良性互动的相关理论知识阐述了乡镇行政管理与村民自治在互动上的具体表现的基础上,分析了实现乡镇行政管理与村民自治良性互动的必要性。然后结合前人研究成果对乡镇行政管理与村民自治在互动中存在的问题进行深入研究,并从法律法规、乡镇行政体制、村民自治本身能力、利益主体间的关系、人员素质等方面分析了问题存在的原因。最后笔者综合各方面的要素提出了有效实现乡镇行政管理与村民自治良性互动的路径。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the1980s, with the implementation of family contract responsibility system, villagers’ autonomy that is run mode for democratic election, democratic management, democratic supervision, and democratic decision-making emerged and developed in China’s vast countryside rural areas. According to Article111of current constitution in the form of the fundamental law of the state which was issued in1982, it clearly defines that "the village committee is a grassroots organization of self-government".After that, the villagers’ autonomy appeared as a grassroots autonomous system on the stage of rural society and was gradually carried out. The implementation of villagers’autonomy directly builds up the "township politics and village governance" system in rural areas which the core is national grassroots administrative power and villagers’self-governance. On one hand, the township government as the basic organization of political power exercises administrative power and implement administrative management in villages and towns. On the other hand, villagers’autonomous organizations as the independent center of mass autonomous right exercise the right of villagers’self-governance, and rural affairs are handled by villagers through self-management, self-serving, self-education and self-supervision.Since the establishment of villagers’autonomous organizations, township administrative management and villagers’ autonomy interact with each other widely by various ways in view of common goal, value and idea, meanwhile, the interaction extended and deepened with the development of society. However, the interaction has two sides. On one hand, since the implementation of villagers’ autonomy, the interaction between township administrative management and villagers’ autonomy do have political and practical significance, which promotes the process of grassroots democracy and accelerates the pace of building a new socialist countryside. On the other hand, the interaction between township administrative management and villagers’ autonomy has non-virtuous side in practice because of influence and restriction by realistic factors. It directly affects the realization of farmers’status in mastering their own affairs, and to some extent hinders grassroots democratic construction as well as new rural construction, which is unbeneficial to build a harmonious socialist society. Therefore, it is necessary to explore an approach that can make a virtuous interaction between township administrative management and villagers’ autonomy.With the application of documentary analysis, empirical analysis and systematic analysis, the implication, function and characteristics of township administrative management as well as basic principles, organized form and operating mode and other substances of villagers’ autonomy are closely interpreted in the dissertation. The specific manifestation of interaction between township administrative management and villagers’ autonomy is analyzed through creative employment of relevant theories of interaction and virtuous interaction, and the necessity of realizing virtuous interaction between township administrative management and villagers’autonomy is well presented. Meanwhile, existing problems caused by interaction between township administrative management and villagers’ autonomy is thoroughly analyzed based on previous studies and causes are revealed from perspectives of regulation and laws, township administrative system, capacity of villagers’ autonomy, relationship among interest groups, personnel quality and other respects. Ultimately effective approaches to realize virtuous interaction between township administrative management and villagers’ autonomy are proposed through the integration of various elements.更多还原