【作者】 王勇；

【导师】 杨锡彭；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 现代汉语中存在着大量的“还X就Y”格式,而这其中又以“还X就Y”超前夸张格式最为特殊。本文选择“还X就Y”超前夸张格式作为研究对象,着重对其进行三个平面的分析。在对超前夸张的定义和特征阐述的基础上,本文先对“还X就Y”超前夸张格式的特征做了一个概述,然后分别从句法、语义和语用的角度对此格式进行了系统全面的分析研究。句法上,本文着重探讨了此格式的构成成分“还”和“就”的句法性质、“还”和“就”的隐现情况、变项X和变项Y的句法功能,以及变项X和变项Y的形式关系。“还”和“就”均为时间副词,修饰变项X和变项Y。X通常可以由VP1或“在”+时间词语”亦或AP1等语类充当,Y常由VP2或者AP2两种语类充当。语义上,常项“还”具有[+持续]的语义特征,常项“就”强调Y实现得早或快,承接X。变项X和变项Y具有时间、地点和性状等三个方面的关系,且这三种关系都属于非现实关系。此格式具有[+超前]的语义特征。语用上,此格式是一种主观性极强的格式,体现了说话人的积极情感态度和消极情感态度。由于此格式传递的信息是与特定言语社会共享的预期相反的,因此,此格式是一种反预期格式。另外,此格式还能传递出“时间极早”和“时间间隔极短”等极短附加信息。而且此格式具有强大的情感抒发功能,其重情感的畅发,不重事实的记录,在情感宣泄的同时能凸显事物的本质特征,给人以深刻印象。文章最后分析了如何正确使用此格式,并联系对外汉语教学实践,提出了一些习得此格式的策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is known that there exists a large number of of "hai X jiu Y" format sentences in Modern Chinese, including "hai X jiu Y" format which uses hyperbole and indicates ahead of time, and which is totally different from the others. We choose this kind of format for researching and focus on analyzing it from three grammatical aspects. In this thesis, we begin with explaining the definition of hyperbole and advance on the degree of time, and then we made a simple introduction about the features of this format. After this, we will concentrate on making a systematic and overall research on it from three grammatical aspects.From the syntactic aspect, we firstly analyze the syntactic attributions of "hai" and "jiu", and their situations of appearance and disappearance, which are the components of this format. Then we will research the syntactic functions of X and Y and the syntactic relations between them. Through this process of researching, we found out that "hai" and "jiu" are both time adverbial, which used to modify X and Y. X always appear with structures like VP1,"zai+time words" and AP1, and Y always appear with VP2and AP2.On the semantic aspect,"hai" has the semantic feature of [+continuity], and "jiu" can emphasize that Y happened or achieved earlier or faster, what’s more,"jiu" also has the function of connecting X. On the other hand, there are three kinds of relations of time、space and attribution between X and Y. And also these relations are non-actual. This format has the semantic feature of [+ahead of time].From the viewpoint of pragmatics, this format possesses a high degree of subjectivity, which reflects two kinds of emotional attitudes of speakers, the positive attitude and the negative one. It is a counter-expectation format because what informations it conveys are opposite to our social stereotypes. On the other hand, it also can convey some affiliated informations such as "time is extremely early"、and "time gap is extremely short". What’s more, it is used mainly for voicing the speaker’s emotion, not for recording the facts. What’s more, it can highlight things’ essential characteristics during the process of voicing speakers’emotion, which can leave people a vivid impression. At last, we analyse how to use this format correctly and thereafter, we extend it to the practice of teaching Chinese as a foreign language and offer some practical strategies for acquiring this format for foreign learners更多还原